Granite introduction

Granite is hard and hard to be attacked by acid or alkali or weathering and is often used in building materials. The source of granite (Granite) is the Latin granum, while the Chinese character noun granite is translated by the Japanese. The dictionary and geological books of the early Meiji period translated Granite into granite or floe. The flower describes the rock with beautiful markings, and the gang or the post indicates that the rock is very hard, that is, the meaning of the hard rock with flower-like markings. Chinese scholars follow this translation.

Granite is a deep acidic igneous rock formed by the condensation of magma in the deep underground. Some granites are gneiss or mixed lithology rocks formed by metamorphism of magma and sedimentary rocks. The main minerals of granite are feldspar, quartz, black and white mica [1], and the quartz content is 10% to 50%. The feldspar content is about 2/3 of the total, which is divided into feldspar, plagioclase (soda lime) and micro plagioclase (potash). Different minerals vary in composition and may also contain pyroxene and amphibole.

Granite texture is hard and compact, high strength, weathering resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, low water absorption, beautiful color can be preserved for more than 100 years, is a good material for construction, but it is not heat resistant. Granite stone is divided into different grades according to factors such as color, pattern, gloss, structure and material. The Bureau of Minerals of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of Taiwan divides granite into six categories: black, brown, green, gray, light red and deep red. Although granite is a good material for construction, granite in some areas will overflow, a natural radioactive gas. It can cause people to suffer from lung cancer. 13% of lung cancer deaths in Hong Kong are caused by excessive suffocation.

Granite is rich in quartz or feldspar coarse or medium-grained intrusive rocks. It is the most common plutonic rock in the earth's crust and is cooled by the magma deep in the earth's crust. Mining granite was once an important industry because of its paving stones and building stones. Granite can be produced as a vein or rock bed, and more representative is an irregular rock mass with a large scale. The main components are feldspar, plagioclase and alkaline feldspar are generally rich, and the relative abundance of the two becomes the basis of classification of granite. In most granites, the ratio of the two types of feldspar is less than 1/2. Belonging to this category are the eastern, central, and southwestern parts of the United States, the southwestern part of England, the Baltic Shield, the western and central parts of France, Spain, and many other areas of granite. The plagioclase greatly exceeds the alkaline feldspar granite, which is common in some parts of the western United States.

Granites with an alkaline feldspar content much larger than plagioclase are produced in many locations in New England, the United Kingdom, and Oslo, Norway, but are smaller rock masses that develop widely in northern Nigeria. The content of quartz with less than 20% quartz is not called granite, and the maximum content of dark minerals (ferric magnesium minerals) is about 20% (by volume). The main minerals in granite are muscovite, biotite, hornblende, pyroxene or rare fayalite. Biotite can be produced in any type of granite and is usually available, although sometimes in small amounts. Sodium amphibole and pyroxene (sodium amphibole, sodium iron amphibole, neon) are characteristic of alkaline granite. If none of the two types of feldspars exceeds the other, the hornblende and pyroxene are unlikely to be the main minerals; the dark minerals are usually biotite or muscovite, or both.

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