80% of papayas are genetically modified

Experts say that over 80% of papayas can't be eaten without genetic modification

Scientists must do their part in science. Once again, we must also take the time to honestly answer questions from reporters and outsiders. We are happy to see that the public loves science and pursues science. This is better than asking God for worship.

GM technology has risks. Look in two. Safety-rated genetically modified materials are safe to eat. There is no interest agreement with foreign companies in the end, you can investigate!

The 50-year-old Lin Yongjun had never been so, was placed in front of so many recording pens, cameras and flashes, which also completely disrupted his work rhythm.

As a professor at Huazhong Agricultural University and the leader of the national major science and technology project, “Insect-resistant GM Rice Breeding,” he has been immersed in private conversations with rice, genes, and microscopes for decades. He suddenly faced many problems. The media is obviously difficult to adapt.

However, he still tried to use utmost restraint and patience to answer questions that were less professional and repetitive, including those that were offensive.

This is not the first time he has conceded his 16 years with genetic modification. As in the past, he hoped for a concession and could take a step forward.

Everything started on the sensational national tasting meeting on October 19. Actually, in May this year, GM rice has been distributed and held in 38 cities across the country. It was these sparks that pushed the dispute to the top and eventually forced the scientists of Huazhong Agricultural University (hereinafter referred to as “HuaNong”) to the front.

What is the truth?

"Farming peasants" playing soy sauce

Sina Weibo received thousands of reckless "farmer farmers" whose true identity is Professor Yan Jianbing of the National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement of Huanong Life Science and Technology College. His research areas include "maize genomics and molecular breeding."

A full-time study of corn, but to help rice, Yan Jianbing claimed to "beating soy sauce." It was he who participated in organizing the "National First Golden Rice Tasting Party" held in Huanong on October 19.

On the phone, he said with a high voice: "Talk to you for 20 minutes and let you embrace genetic modification."

When meeting, he was sometimes pessimistic: "I hope to see the industrialization of genetically modified rice on the day of my life." The "culprit" began with him.

In 2009, Huanong 1 and BT Shanyou 63, both of which were developed by Huanong and had insect-resistant foreign genes, received the Ministry of Agriculture's safety certificate. In this year, Yan Jianbing, who wrote a popular science article on "New Threads", saw Fang Zhouzi, who was behind the genetic modification, saying on the Internet that "the GM rice was sent for food." Yan Jianbin sent the Huanong version of GM rice to Fang Zhouzi, and later to some serious “knowledgeable” like-minded people, including Fang Xuanchang (who had previously served as editor of the “Finance” science and environment group, and now he founded the Gene Agriculture Network) and Wu Xingchuan. Yuan Yue and other science enthusiasts.

Fang Zhou will be given rice on the Internet to "show off" and cause concern, but also because there are constantly netizens asking for, "farming farmers" increasingly firmly believe that "taste is the best popular science." On May 7th of this year, he posted on Weibo: "We plan to send 5 bags of BT rice. There is a limited number of requests. We must stand firm, innocent, and believe in science!"

Private letter applicants up to 200 in 2 days.

He selected 5 activists from among them and asked them to bring together friends and family to carry out tasting activities. Due to the enthusiastic response, Yan Jianzhuang has spread across the country, and so far, there have been more than 40 tastings organized by netizens.

In August, Wang Zhian, a CCTV special commentator, announced on Weibo that he was preparing for the “First Non-First Genetic Food Tasting and Science Lovers Association” and claimed to be “high-end atmosphere”. Many netizens jokingly stated that “Wuhan is the 'nest' of genetically modified rice and it is necessary to have a more authoritative and more professional tasting meeting”.

On October 19th, the fans of the popular science fans were enthusiastic. More than 300 hardcore “Tingzhuan” netizens participated in the “National First Golden Rice Tasting Party”. The so-called golden rice, golden brown in appearance, was developed by the Huanong Rice team to convert β-carotene synthase gene into transgenic rice produced in conventional rice. In the tasting exchange, Zhang Chih-hui, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and dean of the Huanong Life Science and Technology College, said that the delay in the industrialization of the GM rice plantation is a “misguided country,” and that the Ministry of Agriculture’s refusal to act as a “do not act” statement sounds harsh.

Some people say that Zhang Qiwei that day was a child in the "new emperor's costume."

The fact is that “misconceived nationalism” immediately triggered a large-scale crackdown. For a time, the competition between “reversal” and “reversal” has become intense.

There are also slightly biased criminal suspects. Yan Jianbing could not think of anything at first: “Hua Nong’s huge banners have come out with a 'taste meeting' and they have become a 'try to eat' meeting when they are reported.”

However, he quickly understood the media's deliberate use of the word “try to eat”: “Literally, tasting is similar to tasting, but tasting is poetic, and tasting requires courage. ."

Lin Yongjun's popular science

Yan Jianbing’s “beating soy sauce” caused Lin Yongjun to suddenly suffer.

"The science must lay aside, scientists must do their part in science." In the past few days, the researchers of the rice team such as Lin Yongjun were asked by the school - "Be more busy, but also take the time to honestly answer reporters and outside questions."

At 4 o'clock in the afternoon, Lin Yongjun had to rush to Beijing on a business trip. However, in order to comply with the school's entrustment and try to cooperate with the media, he had not even bought the ticket.

In the Huanong Gene Building, the 2-5-story building was covered by the rice team and covered the basics of molecular biology, genetic transformation, and breed cultivation. The 2nd floor where the reporter is located is mainly about genetic modification.

Both rows are labs, dense glass bottles, displayed on a layer of iron shelves, were lit by incandescent lamps, all kinds of cells in the bottle, quietly revolutionary.

"As we all know, rice hybrids will show an advantage, but how does this advantage arise? Which two parents do you use, the advantage of hybridization is high? The conventional practice is random dematching, which takes a long time and is poor in purpose. But if you study from a genetic level, To match with a destination or through foreign genes so that the seeds can acquire characteristics that were not originally available, such as high resistance, high yield, etc. This purpose is very strong. Why not?

Lin Yongjun said that as far as possible the technical terms are easy to understand, but this is indeed a bit difficult.

He said that GM technology is quite simple and can be completed in three steps. In the first step, the rice seeds are cultured to induce the callus; in the second step, the target gene is implanted into the host cells; and in the third step, the cells obtained with the exogenous genes are selected and differentiated into seedlings. The entire process only takes 3-4 months.

What is really difficult is gene-directed insertion and targeted deletion. The safety of genetically modified products is largely related to it.

"Ten years ago, when we implanted genes, the site for inserting the genome sequence was disorderly and random. But now we can do where we want to insert. And before we insert a site, we Predicted, what is the genome sequence? After the exogenous gene enters this sequence, will there be a new gene? After the transfer, we can reanalyze based on gene expression and metabolites. This is high technology, It only matured in the last three or four years."

He also tried to make it simple: "In short, this high technology is to add to the brilliance of the cake. It must not be confused or broken."

In fact, one of the fears that some people have heard about the “change” is that they are breaking and adding to chaos.

In this regard, Lin Yongjun explained: “Transgenic technology is a neutral technology and there are no safety issues in itself. External evaluation of safety is actually aimed at genetically modified foods. I can only say that genetically modified foods that have undergone rigorous food safety assessment are safe."

He introduced that in 1973, the technology of transgenics first appeared in the United States, and the research on transgenic plants in China started in the early 1990s. In 1999, the “National Research and Industrialization of Genetically Modified Plants” with a total investment of 510 million yuan was initiated by the central government, and strict genetic management was implemented for genetically modified plants. "In the early days, we must contact the Ministry of Agriculture's safety evaluation department to report on what genes we intend to transfer. We will only do it if the judgement is transferred to more benefits than disadvantages. If the harm outweighs the benefits, we simply give up. Laboratory research conducted thereafter, During the intermediate testing, environmental release, and productivity tests, we will continue to track down the possible drawbacks, and if the defects do not exist or are within control, we will enter the later food safety evaluation. After the two materials of No.1' and 'BT Yuyue 63' were developed in the laboratory, it took 11 years from the intermediate test to get the production and application safety certificate of the Ministry of Agriculture in 2009."

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