Home solar photovoltaic power system technical conditions and test methods (GB/T 190

1 Scope

This standard specifies the definition, classification and naming, technical requirements, documentation requirements, test methods, inspection rules, signs, and packaging of off-grid home solar photovoltaic power systems and their components.

This standard is applicable to home solar photovoltaic power systems composed of solar cell arrays, battery packs, charge and discharge controllers, inverters, and electrical appliances.

2 regulatory documents

The clauses in the following documents have been adopted as references to this standard. For dated references, all subsequent amendments (not including errata content) or revisions do not apply to this standard, however, encourage the parties to reach an agreement based on this standard to study whether the latest version of these documents can be used . For undated references, the latest version is applicable to this standard.

GB/T 191-2000 packaging, storage and transportation icon logo

GB 1312-1991 Technical requirements for tubular fluorescent lamp holders and starter seats (neq IEC 400:1987)

GB/T 2423.1-2001 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products Part 2: Test methods Test A: Low temperature (idt IEC 60068-2-1: 1990)

GB/T 2423.2-2001 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products Part 2: Test methods Test B: High temperature (idt IEC 60068-2-2: 1974)

GB/T 2423.9-2001 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products Part 2: Test methods Test Cb; Equipment with constant damp heat (idt IEC 60068-2-56: 1988)

Environmental testing for electric and electronic products Part 2 : Test methods Test F . GB / T 2423.10-1995. And Guidelines: Vibration (Sine) (idt IEC 68-2-6: 1982)

GB/T 2828-1987 Batch inspection sampling procedures and sampling tables (applicable to continuous batch inspections)

GB/T 2829-2002 cycle inspection count sampling procedures and sampling tables (applicable to the inspection of the stability of the production process)

GB/T 3859.2-1993 Guidelines for the application of semiconductor converters (eqv IEC 146-1-2:1991)

GB/T 5008.1-1991 Technical conditions for starting lead-acid batteries

GB/T 6495.3-1996 Photovoltaic devices - Part 3: Measurement principles and standard spectral irradiance data for ground-based photovoltaic devices (idt IEC 904-3:1989)

GB/T 7000.1-1996 general safety requirements and tests for luminaires (idt IEC 60598-1:1992)

GB/T 7260-1987 Uninterruptible power supply equipment

GB/T 9535-1998 Design and identification of crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules for ground use (eqv IEC 1215:1993)

GB/T 10760.1-1989 Technical conditions for small wind turbines

GB/T 10682-2002 double-end fluorescent lamp performance requirements (neq IEC 60081:1997)

GB/T 13337.1-1991 fixed type acid-proof lead-acid battery technical conditions

GB/T 13981-1992 General requirements for wind turbine design

GB/T 15142-1994 Specification for nickel-nickel alkaline batteries

GB/T 16437-1996 Structural safety requirements for small wind turbines

GB 16843-1997 Safety requirements for single-end fluorescent lamps (idt IEC 61199:1993)

GB 16844-1997 Safety requirements for self-ballasted fluorescent lamps for general lighting (idt IEC 60968:1988)

GB/T 17262-2002 single-end fluorescent lamp performance requirements (neq IEC 60901:2000)

GB/T 17263-2002 Self-ballasted fluorescent lamps for general lighting performance requirements (neq IEC 60969:2002)

GB 18774-2002 Safety Requirements for Double-ended Fluorescent Lamps (idt IEC 61195:1993)

YD/T 799-2002 Valve Controlled Sealed Lead Acid Battery for Communication

JB/T 6939.1-1993 Technical Specifications for Controllers for Small Wind Turbines

JB/T 6939.2-1993 Test methods for controllers for small wind turbines

JB/T 7064.1-1993 General specifications for semiconductor inverters

IEC 60061 lamp caps, lamp holders and gauges for checking their interchangeability and safety

Performance and safety requirements of IEC 60924 tubular fluorescent DC electronic ballasts

IEC 61345:1998 UV test of photovoltaic modules

3 Definitions

This standard uses the following definition.

3.1

Home Solar Energy Power Systems solar home systems

Domestic solar photovoltaic power systems (including wind-light complementary power systems) refer to off-grid photovoltaic power systems, including solar cell arrays, battery packs, controllers, DC/AC inverters, circuit protection and electrical appliances. The wind-light-complementary power supply system also includes wind turbines and controllers for wind turbines and other components.

3.2

Solar module photovoltaic modules

The smallest non-separate solar cell combination device with package and internal connection that can provide DC output separately.

3.3

Cycle life of the battery

The number of full-charge and full-discharge cycles experienced by the battery during its lifetime.

3.4

Charge controller

A device having overcharge and overdischarge of an energy storage battery pack for automatically preventing a solar photovoltaic power supply system.

3.5

DC/AC Inverter DC/AC inverers

A device that converts DC power to AC power.

3.6

DC Luminaire DC Supplied luminaire

A luminaire that uses a DC power supply and has a built-in electronic ballast with a rated voltage of up to 12V and can be used with a compact fluorescent lamp of IEC 60081 and IEC 60901 (also includes no standards) for general lighting purposes. Currently, there are two types of DC luminaires: DC self-ballasted fluorescent lamps and DC half lamps.

3.7

DC self-ballast illuminator DC self-ballasted lamps

Including the lamp head and the light source combined with it, as well as additional devices necessary for starting and stabilizing the light source, it is non-detachable.

3.8

DC semi-luminaire DC supplied semi-luminaire

Similar to self-ballasted fluorescent lamps, but designed as a component and light source starting device can be easily replaced.

Note 1: Light source components and starting devices can be easily replaced.

Note 2: Ballast components are non-replaceable, and ballasts do not have to be replaced each time the light source is replaced.

Note 3: The lamp holder serves as a power connection.

4 System Classification and Configuration

4.1 System Classification

According to the difference between the types and methods of power supply, home solar photovoltaic power systems are divided into two types: home solar photovoltaic power systems and wind-light complementary power systems.

4.2 System Configuration

The basic composition and main components of various systems are shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

5 System configuration, technical characteristics and basic requirements for installation

5.1 Solar cell array

5.1.1 Solar cell array consists of one or more solar modules. If there is more than one component, the current and voltage of the component should be basically the same to reduce the loss of series and parallel combination.

5.1.2 Determine the total power of the solar array based on the local solar radiation parameters and load characteristics; determine the number of components of the parallel array of solar arrays according to the voltage and current requirements of the designed system.

5.1.3 Solar cell array supports are used to support solar modules. The structural design of the solar cell array should ensure that the connection between the module and the holder is firm and reliable, and the solar cell module can be easily replaced. Solar cell arrays and supports must be able to withstand winds of 120km/h without being damaged.

5.1.4 Brackets can be tilted or mounted at a fixed angle so that the solar cell array can produce the maximum amount of power during the design month (ie, the month with the worst average daily radiation).

5.1.5 The fasteners of all square arrays must have sufficient strength so that the solar cell module can be reliably fixed on the square array support. Solar arrays can be installed on rooftops, but the array support must be connected to the main structure of the building and not to the roofing material.

5.1.6 For ground-mounted solar cell arrays, the minimum spacing between solar modules and the ground should be 0.3m or more. The bottom of the column must be firmly attached to the foundation so that it can withstand the weight of the solar array and can withstand the design wind speed.

5.1.7 For portable low-power power supplies, solar panels should have brackets for reliable placement.

5.2 Battery

5.2.1 The battery pack may consist of one or more batteries in series and no more than 4 batteries in parallel. Types of batteries suitable for system use include deep-cycle lead-acid batteries, sealed lead-acid batteries, common-open lead-acid batteries, and alkaline tin-nickel batteries.

5.2.2 Deep-cycle lead-acid batteries are the preferred products for home solar photovoltaic power systems.

5.2.3 Design the minimum capacity of the battery according to the local continuous rain and rain conditions. The design depth of discharge (DOD) of the deep-cycle lead-acid battery is 80%, and the design depth of discharge (DOD) of the shallow-cycle lead-acid battery is 50%.

5.2.4 Use copper lead strips or copper strips to connect the batteries to each other. The battery must provide poles that are easily connected by bolts. Anti-rust butter should be applied to the battery terminals to protect the battery terminals from corrosion. The positive and negative polarity of the battery should be clearly marked.

5.2.5 Batteries may be fully charged with liquid, or they may be charged dry. If liquid is dry, all chemicals and electrolytes must meet the requirements of the battery's technical parameters.

5.2.6 When a sealed lead-acid battery is used at an altitude of 2500 m or more, it must be confirmed by the battery manufacturer that the battery is suitable for use under such conditions.

5.3 battery cabinet

According to the type of battery and the place of placement, it is determined whether the battery box is required. The battery box should have certain ventilation conditions and a reasonable structure to prevent the user from touching the electrodes or the electrolyte. The tank must be made of durable materials, and the parts of the tank that may come into contact with the acid should be made of acid-resistant materials. The box must be strong enough to support the weight of the battery.

5.4 Charge and Discharge Controller

The charge-discharge controller can be a single-use device or an inverter integrated with the inverter.

5.4.1 The charge and discharge controller should have the following protection functions:

a) circuit protection capable of withstanding a load short circuit;

b) Circuit protection capable of withstanding reversed polarity of loads, solar modules or batteries;

c) Circuit protection capable of withstanding internal short circuits of charge and discharge controllers, inverters and other equipment;

d) Ability to withstand breakdown protection caused by lightning strikes in multi-landmine areas;

e) Protection against battery reverse discharge through solar modules.

5.4.2 For systems with a solar array power (peak) greater than 20W, the controller itself should have the function of full battery disconnect (HVD) and undervoltage disconnect (LVD).

5.4.3 System Status Indication

5.4.3.1 The system shall provide the user with the state of charge of the battery:

Full of instructions: When the battery is full, the solar cell array charge current is reduced or the solar cell array is cut off when the instructions;

Undervoltage indication: When the battery voltage is already low, the user needs to save power when the instructions;

Load cut-off indication: When the battery voltage has reached the over-discharge point, the load is automatically cut off when the instructions.

5.4.3.2 Indicators may be light emitting diodes (LEDs), analog or digital meters, or beep alerts. These devices must have clear indications or signs that allow the user to know the working status of the battery without the user's manual.

5.5 DC/AC Inverter

The inverter chosen should meet the power requirements of the expected AC load. Inverters and controllers can also be made into integrated machines.

5.6 Wind Power Generator

5.6.1 The wind turbines must be provided with towers at random. The tower must be designed to withstand wind speeds of 120 km/h without being damaged.

5.6.2 Towers for wind turbine generators must be rust-proof, and galvanized steel, stainless steel, and spray paint frames can all be used.

5.6.3 The foundation of the wind turbine tower must be capable of safely supporting the tower so that it can withstand the design wind speed.

5.6.4 The installation of wind turbines should meet the requirements of the ZBF1101-89 low-speed wind turbine installation specification.

5.6.5 The wind turbine generator set shall include a controller. The role of the controller is to protect the system and complete the charge and discharge control. The wind turbine generator controller should meet the technical requirements of this standard 6.7.

5.6.6 The following factors must be considered when installing a wind turbine:

a) Wind turbines should be installed where people and animals do not pass through frequently. The blades of wind turbines should be at least 3m above the ground.

b) Wind turbines should be installed where the wind circulates and should not be blocked. Obstructions can limit the flow of wind or cause wind turbines to bump up;

c) The wind turbine should be installed as close to the user's electricity as possible to minimize the line loss from the wind turbine to the battery;

d) The wind turbine and its tower should be reliably grounded to prevent lightning strikes.

5.6-7 At 30m away from the wind turbine, the noise index of the wind turbine during operation should be less than 65dB.

5.7 DC Illuminator

5.7.1 DC luminaires may be DC-powered self-ballasted fluorescent lamps or DC-powered semi-lamps or luminaires whose luminous efficiency shall not be less than 40 lm/W.

5.7.2 The lampshade should be removable so that the user can replace and clean the lamp.

5.7.3 The luminaire shall be designed so that the user does not touch the live parts in the luminaire when replacing the lamp to avoid personal injury or damage to the luminaire.

5.8 wire

5.8.1 Standard insulated copper conductors should be used. Conductors should be resistant to solar radiation and waterproof

5.8.2 For permanent installations, all conduits that may be damaged by exposure are protected by conduit; for conductors that are already firmly fixed to the structure of the premises, conduits may not be used; through roofs, walls, and other The structure of the wire, the application of threading tube to be protected. The wire that passes through the roof should be waterproofed and sealed.

5.8.3 The connection of field installation wires must be screwed tight with terminal blocks. Screw caps are only allowed indoors and in specially designed junction boxes. The rated current allowed at the connection must not be less than the rated current allowed by the circuit.

5.8.4 All wires must be clearly marked with positive and negative electrodes.

5.8.5 The selection of conductors must meet conditions such as ampacity, voltage loss and strength. The design of the wire current carrying capacity should ensure that the wire does not generate heat; the voltage loss of the wire should be less than 3% to ensure that the wire works normally under the allowable voltage of the wire; the design of the wire diameter should also ensure the strength of the wire.

5.9 load connection or output socket

5.9.1 The user shall be provided with a safe insulated terminal or socket for connection to the load.

5.9.2 Positive and negative polarity must be clearly marked on the load terminals to be connected by the user.

5.9.3 The user must be protected against load short-circuiting and reverse polarity of the load.

5.9.4 Current limiting equipment Whether it is insurance, circuit breakers, or electronic protection, it should effectively limit the user's load and the maximum current the wire can withstand.

6 parts technical requirements

6.1 Solar Modules

6.1.1 Appearance

a) The frame should be flat and free of corrosion spots.

b) The front surface should be clean, free of cracks and cracks.

c) There must be no scratches, damage or other defects on the back surface.

d) The single solar cell must not be broken or cracked and arranged neatly.

e) Interconnect strips and gate lines should be arranged neatly, without soldering, and without cracks.

f) There must be no continuous bubbles or delamination in the encapsulation layer between the battery and the frame.

g) The lead end should be sealed and the polarity mark is accurate and obvious.

h) The solar cell module must have a junction box and the junction box requires a firm connection.

6.1.2 Electrical properties

6.1.2.1 Insulation performance

The insulation performance of the module shall comply with the provisions of 10.3 of GB/T 9535-1998.

6.1.2.2 Rated power

The rated output power of the module under rated voltage (see Appendix A of GB/T 6495.3-1996) shall meet the detailed specification requirements.

6.1.3 Environmental Test Requirements

6.1.3.1 Outdoor exposure test

According to the provisions of GB/T 9535-1998 10.8, the total exposure of outdoor exposure test is greater than 60 (kW · h) / m2. The performance of the components after the test should meet the following requirements:

a) No serious exterior defects specified in GB/T 9535-1998 7 have been found by inspection.

b) The maximum output power attenuation under standard test conditions does not exceed 5% before the test.

c) The insulation resistance shall comply with the provisions of 10.3 of GB/T 9535-1998.

6.1.3.2 UV test

According to the regulations, the components should withstand the following conditions of ultraviolet radiation:

The total amount of ultraviolet radiation at wavelengths between 280-385 nm is 15 (kW·h)/m2.

The components after the test shall meet the requirements of 6.1.3.1 a)-c).

6.1.3.3 Thermal cycling test

In accordance with the provisions of 10.11 of GB/T 9535-1998, components shall withstand the following conditions of thermal cycling tests:

-40 to +85°C (no humidity required), 200 cycles, no more than 6 hours per cycle

The components after the test shall meet the requirements of 6.1.3.1 a)-C).

6.1.3.4 Wet and cold test

According to the provisions of 10.12 of GB/T 9535-1998, the components shall withstand the following conditions of wet and cold test:

Do 50 thermal cycles first, then -40-+85°C, 85% relative humidity, and 10 cycles. After a cycle of about 24 hours, the components should meet the requirements of 6.1.3.1 a)-c).

6.1.3.5 Damp heat test

According to the provisions of 10.13 of GB/T 9535-1998, the components shall withstand the following conditions of damp heat test:

After +85°C, relative humidity 85, 1000h test, the module shall meet the requirements of 6.1.3.1 a)-c).

6.1.3.6 Lead end strength test

According to the provisions of 10.14 of GB/T 9535-1998, the components shall withstand the following conditions of lead end strength test:

Each lead shall be tested for tensile and bending that does not exceed the weight of the assembly itself. No signs of mechanical damage after the test, the maximum output power attenuation under standard test conditions does not exceed 5% before the test.

6.1.3.7 Twist test

According to the provisions of 10.15 of GB/T 9535-1998, the component shall withstand the following conditions of the twist test:

The deformation angle is calculated according to the formula. After the test of about 1.20, the requirements for components shall meet the requirements of 6.1.3.1 a)-c).

6.1.3.8 Mechanical load test

According to the provisions of 10.16 of GB/T 9535-1998, the components shall withstand the following conditions of mechanical load test:

The front and back surfaces of the module were uniformly loaded with 2400 Pa and held for 7 hours. After 2 cycles of the test, the requirements for the module should meet the requirements of 6.1.3.1 a)-c).

6.1.3.9 Ice-honey test

According to the provisions of 10.17 of GB/T 9535-1998, the components shall withstand the hail impact test. After the test, the requirements of the components shall be the same as in 6.1.3.1.

6.1.3.10 Hot Spot Durability Test

According to the provisions of 10.9 of GB/T 9535-1998, the components shall withstand the following conditions of hot spot resistance test:

Under the worst hot spot conditions, irradiation was performed for 1 h at 1000 W/m2 irradiance and 5 tests were conducted.

The requirements for components after the test are the same as in 6.1.3.1 a)-c).

6.1.3.11 Performance at low irradiance

According to the provisions of 10.7 of GB/T 9535-1998, measuring components under natural light at 25°C and irradiance of 200 W·m-2 (determined by applicable standard batteries) or Class A simulators complying with the requirements of relevant national standards The current-voltage characteristics determine the electrical performance of the component as a function of load.

6.2 Battery

6.2.1 The lead-acid storage battery for start-up of domestic solar photovoltaic power supply system shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB 5008.1-1991; the fixed lead-acid storage battery shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB 13337.1-1991; the pot nickel alkaline storage battery shall comply with GB/ The relevant provisions of T 1542-1994; sealed lead-acid batteries should comply with the relevant provisions of YD/T 799-2002.

6.2.2 At 25°C, the maximum self-discharge rate for each battery is allowed to be 20% of the 10h rate discharge capacity every 3 months.

6.2.3 At 25°C, the cycle life of shallow-cycle batteries must exceed 200 cycles (average depth of discharge 50%), and the cycle life of deep-cycle batteries must exceed 600 cycles (average depth of discharge 80%).

6.3 Controllers for Solar Photovoltaic Power Systems

6.3.1 Environmental conditions

6.3.1.1 Normal conditions of use

Ambient temperature: -5 to +40°C;

Relative humidity: ≤93%, no condensation;

Altitude: ≤1000m; >1000m should be used according to GB/T 3859.2-1993

6.3.1.2 Storage and transportation conditions

Temperature: -20 to +70°C;

Vibration: Frequency 10-55Ha, amplitude 0.70mm, sweep cycle 5 times.

6.3.2 Appearance structure requirements

6.3.2.1 The surface of the casing is firmly plated and the paint surface is well-proportioned, with no flaking, rust and cracks.

6.3.2.2 The cabinet panel is flat and all the signs, marks, and texts meet the requirements. The functions are displayed clearly and correctly.

6.3.2.3 Various switches are easy to operate, flexible and reliable.

6.3.3 Setting of Controller Adjustment Point

6.3.3.1 Pre-adjusted according to the characteristics of the battery and the local environment before leaving the factory.

6.3.3.2 Different charged state batteries can have different charging modes

6.3.4 Full Disconnect (HVD) and Recovery

The controller has the function of full input disconnect and recovery connection. For on/off controllers, batteries with a design value of 12V have a voltage reference that is full of open and return connections as follows:

6.3.4.1 Starter type lead-acid battery: Fully disconnected HVD; 15.0-15.2V, Recovery: 13.7V,

6.3.4.2 Fixed Lead-Acid Batteries: Fully Charged Disconnected HVD: 14.8-15.0V, Recovery: 13.5V

6.3.4.3 Sealed Lead-Acid Battery: Full Shutdown HVD: 14.1-14.5V, Recovery: 13.2V

6.3.5 Pulse Width Modulation Controller

The main difference between PWM controllers and switch controllers is that there is no specific recovery point in the charging circuit. For the standard value

For a 12V battery, the full voltage reference is as follows:

6.3.5.1 Starter type lead-acid battery: Fully open HVD: 15.0-15.2V.

6.3.5.2 Fixed lead-acid batteries: Fully open HVD: 14.8-15.0V.

6.3.5.3 Sealed Lead-Acid Batteries: Fully open HVD: 14.1-14.5V.

6.3.6 Temperature Compensation

For the case of a large temperature change in the operating environment, the controller should have a temperature compensation function. Its temperature coefficient should be IRT cell -3 - 7mV/°C.

6.3.7 Undervoltage Disconnect (LVD) and Resume Functions

When the battery voltage drops to the overdischarge point ((1.80±0.05)V/only) the controller should be able to automatically cut off the load; when the battery voltage rises to

When the charge recovery point ((2.2-2.25)V/only), the controller should be able to automatically or manually restore the power supply to the load.

6.3.8 No-load loss (quiescent current)

The maximum power consumption of the controller must not exceed 1% of its rated charging current.

6.3.9 controller charge and discharge loop voltage drop

The voltage drop across the controller for charging or discharging must not exceed 5% of the rated system voltage.

6.3.10 Vibration resistance

After 10-55 Hz, amplitude 0.35mm, and triaxial vibration for 30min, the equipment should be able to work normally.

6.3.11 Protection Features

6.3.11.1 Load short circuit protection

Can withstand any load circuit short circuit protection

6.3.11.2 Internal short circuit protection

Can withstand the internal circuit of the charge controller circuit protection.

6.3.11.3 Reverse discharge protection

Circuit protection that prevents reverse discharge of the battery through the solar module.

6.3.11.4 Polarity Reverse Protection

Can withstand the circuit protection of the load, solar cell module or reverse polarity of the battery.

6.3.11.5 Lightning protection

Ability to withstand circuit protection caused by lightning strikes in multi-ray areas.

6.3.12 Impact Voltage

When the battery is removed from the circuit, the controller must be able to withstand 0.25 times the nominal open circuit voltage of the solar module within 7 hours.

6.3.13 Inrush current

The controller must be able to withstand 1 h higher than the 1.25 times the nominal short circuit current of the solar module. Switching controller switching components must be able to switch this current without damaging it.

6.4 DC Illuminator

6.4.1 Startup Characteristics

a) DC luminaires shall be able to start normally within the specified or stated minimum starting temperature, 90% of rated voltage, and within 10 s, and maintain the ignition point.

The test shall be conducted at an ambient temperature of (25 ± 2) °C.

b) DC luminaires shall be able to start normally within -25°C, 90% of the rated voltage, and within 10 s, and the igniting start test shall be conducted prior to aging.

6.4.2 Initial photoelectric parameters

6.4.2.1 Rated power

At the rated voltage, the difference between the initial power and the rated power does not exceed (105% + 0.5) W.

6.4.2.2 Initial total luminous flux and luminous efficacy

At the rated voltage, the total luminous flux of the dc luminaire should not be less than 200 lm.

At rated voltage, the luminous efficacy of DC luminaires should not be lower than 40 lm/W.

At rated voltages of 90% to 120%, the luminous efficacy of DC luminaires should not be less than 90% of their rated luminous efficacy.

6.4.3 Initial color features

6.4.3.1 The color coordinate value of the lamp shall be within the target range of the specified chromaticity diagram, and the distance between the chromaticity tolerance and the target value shall not exceed 6 in any case.

6.4.3.2 The initial value of the general color rendering index of the lamp shall not be less than 8.

6.4.3.3 The correlated color temperature of the lamp should not be greater than 4500K.

Measured using spectroscopy.

6.4.4 Light output maintenance rate

a) lumen maintenance

When the lamp is ignited at 2000h, its lumen maintenance rate should be ≥ 80%.

b) Light efficiency maintenance rate

When the lamp is ignited at 2000h, its luminous efficiency maintenance rate should be ≥80%.

6.4.5 Average life

The average life of a DC luminaire (50% of lamp life at failure) must not be less than 3000 hours.

6.4.6 Reliability (Switching) Test

The number of switching of DC luminaires should not be less than 6000 times.

6.4.7 Operating frequency

The minimum switching frequency of the electronic ballast in the lamp is 20 kHz.

This test is only applicable to semi-luminaire DC luminaires.

6.4.8 Lamp Operating Current Waveform

Under the rated supply voltage, the ballast and the lamp work together. When the lamp reaches a stable working state, the lamp current waveform should meet the following requirements:

a) While the supply voltage passes through zero phase, the envelope of the lamp current must not differ by more than 4% within each successive half cycle.

b) The maximum ratio of the lamp current peak value to the rms value shall not exceed 1.7.

This test is only applicable to semi-luminaire DC luminaires.

6.4.9 Power Consumption

The power consumption of the luminaire when opening or reversing should not exceed 20% during normal operation. For low power luminaires whose nominal power does not exceed 7W, the power consumption during abnormal conditions should not exceed 1.6W.

6.4.10 Security Requirements

6.4.10.1 Interchangeability

Luminaires, tubes, and lampholders of DC luminaires should have good contact and interchangeability

6.4.10.2 Mechanical strength

When performing the following torque test, the lamp head shall be firmly bonded to the lamp body or to a part of the DC luminaire used for screwing in or screwing out. The torque for the E27 lamp cap is 3 N·m.

6.4.10.3 Tidal insulation resistance

DC luminaires should have sufficient insulation resistance.

The insulation resistance between metal parts and terminals should be ≥ 2MΩ.

The insulation resistance between the live parts and the lamp housing should be ≥ 4MΩ.

The insulation resistance between live parts of different polarity should be ≥ 2MΩ.

6.4.10.4 Abnormal State Protection

DC luminaires may experience abnormal conditions during use, but working under abnormal conditions should not reduce their safety performance.

6.4.10.5 Heat resistance

The insulation material of the DC luminaire should have sufficient heat resistance.

6.4.10.6 Fire Prevention

The insulation of the lamp cap and the insulating material holding the live parts in place and the insulating material providing protection against electric shock should be resistant to burning and fire.

The insulating material holding the live parts in place shall be subjected to any flame or burning of the needle flame test sample and shall be extinguished within 30 s of the removal of the glow wire. The falling flaming or melted material shall be placed below the sample without ignition (200) ±5)mm single-layer tissue.

6.4.10.7 Structure

The structure of DC half lamps shall comply with the provisions of GB 7000.1.

6.5 DC/AC Inverter

6.5.1 Environmental conditions

6.5.1.1 Normal Conditions of Use

Ambient temperature: -5°C +40°C;

Relative humidity: ≤93%, no condensation;

Altitude: ≤ 1000m,> 1000m should be used according to the provisions of GB 7260 derating.

6.5.1.2 Storage and Transportation Conditions

Temperature: -20°C to +70°C;

Vibration: frequency 10Hz-55Hz, amplitude 0.70mm, sweep frequency cycle 5 times.

6.5.2 Appearance and Structure Requirements

6.5.2.1 The shell surface is firmly plated and the paint surface is well-proportioned, with no flaking, rust and cracks.

6.5.2.2 The enclosure panel is flat and all the signs, marks and texts meet the requirements. The functions are clearly displayed, correct, neat, and beautiful.

6.5.3 Output Voltage Range

Do not exceed 10% of the rating.

6.5.4 Output Frequency

50±1Hz.

6.5.5 Buckling waveform distortion

≤5% (sine wave).

6.5.6 Efficiency

When the output power is ≥75% of rated power, the efficiency should be ≥80%.

6.5.7 Noise

≤ 65dB.

6.5.8 Load capacity

6.5.8.1 The input voltage and output power are rated values. When the ambient temperature is 25°C, the continuous and reliable operating time of the inverter shall not be less than 4 hours.

6.5.8.2 When the input voltage is rated and the output power is 125% of the rated value, the safe working time of the inverter shall not be less than 1 min.

6.5.8.3 When the input voltage is rated and the output power is 150% of the rated value, the safe working time of the inverter shall not be less than 105.

6.5.8.4 Inverters shall have the ability to withstand capacitive and inductive load shocks.

6.5.9 Quiescent Current

After disconnecting the load, the current value of the inverter self-consumption should not exceed 3% of the rated input current.

6.5.10 Protection Function

6.5,10. Undervoltage protection

When the input voltage is lower than the nominal value of 90% (cell 1.8V), the inverter should be able to automatically shut down protection.

6.5.10.2 Over current protection

When the operating current exceeds the rated value of 150%, the inverter should be able to automatically protect the equipment when the current returns to normal.

6.5.10.3 Short circuit protection

When the inverter output is short-circuited, it should have short-circuit protection measures. After the short-circuit is eliminated, the equipment should work properly.

6.5.10.4 Polarity Reverse Protection

When the input direct current polarity is reversed, the equipment should be automatically protected. After the polarity is connected, the equipment should work normally.

6.5.10.5 Lightning protection

The inverter should have lightning protection.

6.5.11 Security Requirements

6.5.11.1 Insulation resistance

Insulation resistance between the inverter DC input and the chassis ≥ 50MΩ.

The insulation resistance between the AC output and the chassis of the inverter is ≥50MΩ.

6.5.11.2 Insulation strength

The inverter DC input should be able to withstand the dielectric strength test with a frequency of 50Hz, a sine wave AC voltage of 500V, and a duration of 1min without any breakdown or arcing.

The AC output of the inverter and the casing should be able to withstand the dielectric strength test with a frequency of 50Hz, a sine wave AC voltage of 1500V, and a duration of 1 min without any breakdown or arcing.

6.5.12 Output Security of the Inverter

The design should take into account that the electrodes on the high-voltage output side will not be touched by human hands.

6.6 Wind turbine

6.6.1 Only Use Off-grid Wind Turbines for Home System

6.6.2 The technical characteristics of wind turbines must comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T 13981-1992, GB/T 10760.1-1989 and GB/T 16437-1996.

6.7 Controllers for Wind Turbine Generators

6.7.1 The input power of the controller must be able to withstand 2 times the rated output power of the supporting wind turbine.

6.7.2 For wind turbine generators that must be equipped with an unloading electronic load, when the accumulator is full and disconnected from the charging circuit, the wind turbine cannot be idling and the controller should be able to switch it to the electronic load. The power dissipated by the electronic load should be at least equal to or greater than the rated output power of the wind turbine.

6.7.3 The controller must have a current limiting function to prevent damage due to spike currents or high voltage caused by a sudden increase in wind speed.

6.7.4 The adjustment point of the controller must be pre-adjusted according to the characteristics of the specific battery at the factory before the overcharge point (battery full off and restore the charge point) or over-discharge point (battery undervoltage disconnection and recovery discharge point). In the circuit design, the setting of the charging mode control point for the battery with different currents under different states of charge should be considered. The average ambient temperature of the battery installation site should be considered.

6.7.5 The controller must have the following protection features:

a) Protection against overcharge and overdischarge of the battery;

b) circuit protection capable of withstanding a load short circuit;

c) Circuit protection that can withstand reverse polarity of load;

d) Circuit protection capable of withstanding the polarity reversal of a wind turbine or battery;

e) Circuit protection capable of withstanding internal short circuits in controllers, inverters and other equipment;

f) Circuit protection that can withstand breakdown due to lightning strikes in multi-landmine areas.

6.7.6 If there is no light emitting diode (LED) indication, the maximum self-consumption of the controller can not exceed 1% of its rated charging current.

6.7.7 The voltage drop between the charging (wind turbine to battery terminals) and discharge (battery to load terminals) circuits must not exceed 5% of the rated system voltage.

6.7.8 The controller and related equipment should be able to withstand the bumps and vibrations during transportation.

7 file requirements

7.1 System File Requirements

7.1.1 The system supplier must provide two documents and one proof of warranty. The first document is the user's manual. A second document for each system is the installation, operation, and maintenance technical manual for technical personnel responsible for installation and after-sales service. It should include technical details for installation, operation, and maintenance.

7.1.2 The manual should be printed in Chinese and/or in the main local language. The user's manual should be concise and easy to understand. Try to adopt a graphic form to make it easy for the user to understand.

7.1.3 The user manual includes at least the following:

a) Simple system work principle, to clearly and clearly explain the daily load energy and the relationship between sunshine;

b) a description of the hardware required by the user to observe and require the user to perform operations, including on/off and status displays;

c) to provide correct system operating procedures, specify the restricted use of the load and the use of the load;

d) The operating instructions must have the necessary precautions for use. For example, when the weather is bad or the battery voltage is low, attention should be paid to power saving and the load should be turned off when the battery is over-discharged. The document should also provide instructions for the maintenance and use of solar cell arrays to prevent occlusion;

e) all matters that need to be maintained by the user;

f) Operating procedures in the event of a power failure in an emergency and the recommended time-outs after a problem has occurred;

g) Equipment troubleshooting guide.

7.1.4 The installation, operation and maintenance technical manual includes at least the following:

a) the size and weight of the system and system components;

b) A complete set of user manuals;

c) a complete list of system components, including manufacturer introduction, equipment performance introduction, equipment warranty, I-V curves of solar cells, and the charge and discharge curves of the battery (such as the relationship curve of the charging voltage to the battery charge);

d) complete set of installation instructions;

e) Description of the acceptance test procedure after installation of the system, including all test steps for setpoints;

f) The annual maintenance procedures required by the user, together with a complete set of maintenance instructions;

g) Guidelines for troubleshooting all parts of the system. Includes repair and troubleshooting procedures that can be performed by suppliers and other qualified technicians. To explain to the user that non-professional technicians cannot diagnose and repair;

h) The functional block diagram requires the use of a single line to draw the electrical connections between the various components, indicate the rating of each component, and give the mechanical structure diagram;

i) The shutdown procedure in an emergency.

7.1.5 The main contents of the acceptance test procedure after the installation of the system are as follows:

a) Confirm that the installation of the solar array is in line with the local geographical location, and can reasonably adjust the direction, tilt angle and avoid shadows, in order to ensure that the solar array can generate the maximum power;

b) Ensure that the battery is fully charged before it is used for the first time after installation;

c) Using a shunt to measure the output current of the solar array during charging to verify the charging current of the solar array.

Measurements must be made under sunny weather conditions;

d) Test all other ancillary equipment to ensure normal operation;

e) Perform voltage drop tests on the entire system on each sub-circuit to ensure that the line connection meets the required minimum voltage drop;

f) All test data should be recorded in the installation record file;

g) to explain to the user the working principle of the system, load management requirements, how to carry out maintenance inspections and how to operate.

7.2 Component Document Requirements

Controllers and inverters should be equipped with complete technical documentation and included in the technical training manual. content include:

a) Installation instructions;

b) Operation instructions;

c) Technical indicators and parameters:

d) security requirements;

e) troubleshooting guidance;

f) spare parts information required for maintenance;

g) Warranty terms.

8 test methods

8.1 Solar Module Test

8.1.1 appearance inspection

The appearance of the components should be visually measured under illumination of not less than 1000 lx [light].

8.1.2 Size and Weight

The dimensions and installation dimensions of the components are measured with a box ruler or a ruler with a precision of not less than 1.2 mm. The weight of the assembly is measured on a scale with a minimum index of 59.

8.1.3 Electrical performance measurement

8.1.3.1 Insulation performance

Measured according to the method specified in 10.3 of GB/T 9535-1998.

8.1.3.2 Maximum output power

Measured according to the method specified in 10.2 of GB/T 9535-1998.

8.1.3.3 Rated power

According to the method specified in 10.2 of GB/T 9535-1998, the output power when the rated voltage is measured is the rated power.

8.1.4 Environmental and mechanical performance tests

8.1.4.1 Outdoor Exposure Test

Test according to the method specified in 10.8 of GB/T 9535-1998.

8.1.4.2 UV test

Test according to the method specified in IEC 61345:1998.

8.1.4.3 Thermal cycling test

按照GB/T 9535-1998中10.11规定的方法试验。

8.1.4.4湿冷试验

按照GB/T 9535-1998中10.12规定的方法试验。

8.1.4.5湿热试验

按照GB/T 9535-1998中10.13规定的方法试验。

8.1.4.6引线端强度试验

按照GB/T 9535-1998中10.14规定的方法试验

8.1.4.7扭曲试验

按照GB/T 9535-1998中10.15规定的方法试验。

8.1.4.8机械载荷试验

按照GB/T 9535-1998中10.16规定的方法试验。

8.1.4.9冰毽试验

组件正面朝上水平放置，把(227±2)g钢球提高到距组件100cm处自由落下，在落点处做标记，在组件表面的不同位置上重复撞击10次。落点应为均匀分布在组件表面上。

8.1.5热斑耐久试验

按照GB/T 9535-1998中10.9规定的方法试验。

8.2太阳能光伏电源系统用控制器试验

8.2.1设备外观与文件资料

8.2.1.1设备外观

目测设备的外观及主要零、部件是否有损坏，是否有受潮现象，元器件是否有松动与丢失。

8.2.1.2商标检查

目测设备的标签内容是否符合技术要求中的规定，是否标明蓄电池和负载的连接点和极性。

8.2.1.3文件资料

检查设备的文件资料是否符合技术要求中的规定。

8.2.2控制器调节点的设置

8.2.2.1根据产品规定的指标范围，检查在其电压范围内工作点是否已经设置好

8.2.2.2检查其是否具有不同的充电模式。

8.2.2.3检查其是否具有温度补偿功能

8.2.3充满断开(HVD)和恢复功能

测试电路如图3。将直流电源接到蓄电池的输入端子上，模拟蓄电池的电压。调节直流电源的电压使其达到充满断开HVD点(Ⅵ-2)，控制器应当断开充电回路；降低电压到恢复充电点，控制器应能重新接通充电回路。

8.2.4脉宽调制型控制器

测试电路如图4。用直流稳压电源代替太阳能电池方阵通过控制器给蓄电池充电。当蓄电池电压接近充满点时，充电电流逐渐变小；当蓄电池电压达到充满值时，充电电流应接近于0。当蓄电池电压由充满点向下降时，充电电流应当逐渐增大。

8.2.5温度补偿

将温度传感器放人恒温箱，充满断开(HVD)点随温度的变化而有所改变，可以画出一条曲线，其斜率应符合本标准6.3.6中的规定。

8.2.6欠压断开(LVD)和恢复功能

测试电路如图5。将直流电源接到蓄电池输人端，模拟蓄电池的电压。将可变电阻接到负载端，模拟负载。将放电回路的电流调到额定值，然后将直流电源的电压调至欠压断开LVD点，控制器应能自动断开负载；将电压回调至恢复点，控制器应能再次接通负载。如果是带欠压锁定功能的控制器，当直流输人电压达到欠压恢复点之上，控制器复位后应能接通负载。

8.2.7空载损耗(静态电流)

测试电路如图6。断开PV输人和负载输出，直流电源接在控制器的蓄电池端，当发光二极管(LED)不工作时，测量控制器的输入电流应符合本标准6.3.8中的规定。

8.2.8控制器充、放电回路压降

8.2.8.1调节控制器充电回路电流至额定值，用电压表测量控制器充电回路的电压降应符合本标准6.3.9中的规定。

8.2.8.2调节控制器放电回路电流至额定值，用电压表测量控制器放电回路的电压降应符合本标准6.3.9中的规定。

8.2.9耐振动性能

在频率为10Hz一55Hz、振幅为0.35mm、三轴向各振动30min后，通电检查设备应能正常工作。

8.2.10保护功能

8.2.10.1负载短路保护

检查控制器的输出回路是否有短路保护电路。

8.2.10.2内部短路保护

检查控制器的输人回路是否有短路保护电路。

8.2.10.3反向放电保护

测试电路如图7。将电流表加在太阳能电池组件的正、负端子之间(相当于将太阳能电池组件端短路)，调节接在蓄电池端的直流电源电压，检查有无电流流过。 If there is no current, there is reverse discharge protection.

8.2.10.4极性反接保护

将控制器的输人端正负极反接到直流电源的输出端，检查控制器或直流电源是否损坏。

8.2.10.5雷击保护

Visually check the type and rating of the arrester to ensure that the expected impact energy is absorbed.

8.2.们耐冲击电压

将直流电源加到控制器的太阳能电池输人端，施加1.25倍的标称电压持续1h后，通电检查控制器应不损坏。

8.2.12耐冲击电流

将直流电源接在控制器充电输人端，可变电阻接在蓄电池端，调节电阻使充电回路电流达到标称电流的1.25倍并持续1h，通电检查控制器应不损坏。

8.2.13环境试验

8.2.13.1低温贮存试验

试验方法按GB/T 2423.1-2001中“试验A”进行。产品无包装、不通电、不含蓄电池。试验温度为(-25±3)℃，试验持续时间为16h，在标准大气条件下恢复2h后，控制器应能正常工作。

8.2.13.2低温工作试验

试验方法按GB/T 2423.1-2001中“试验A”进行。产品无包装。试验温度为(-5±3)℃，通电加额定负载保持2h，在标准大气条件下恢复2h后，控制器应能正常工作。

8，2.13.3高温贮存试验

试验方法按GB/T 2423.2-2001中“试验B”进行。产品无包装、不通电。试验温度为(70±2)℃，试验持续时间为2h，在标准大气条件下恢复2h后，控制器应能正常工作。

8.2.13.4高温工作试验

试验方法按GB/T 2423.2-2001中“试验B”进行。产品无包装。试验温度为(40±2)℃，通电加额定负载保持2h，在标准大气条件下恢复2h后，控制器应能正常工作。

8.2.13.5恒定湿热试验

试验方法按GB/T 2423.9-2001中“试验C”进行。产品无包装、不通电。试验温度为(40±2)℃，相对湿度为(93±3)%，试验持续时间为48h，试验后取出样品在正常环境下恢复2h后，控制器应能正常工作。

8.3直流照明器试验

8.3.1设备外观与文件资料

8.3.1.1设备外观

目测设备的外观及主要零、部件是否有损坏，是否有受潮现象，元器件是否有松动与丢失。

8.3.1.2标志检查

目测设备的标签内容是否符合技术要求中的规定，是否标明蓄电池和负载的连接点和极性。

8.3.1.3文件资料

检查设备配备的文件资料是否符合技术要求中的规定。

8.3.2标志

用外观法检验标志是否符合本标准10.1.3的要求。

清晰度检验：用一蘸有水的布轻擦标志15s，干后再用一蘸有乙醇的布擦拭15s，试验后标志仍应清晰。

8.3，3灯头互换性要求

自镇流类及半灯具类直流照明器应采用符合IEC 60061中灯头、灯座及检验其互换性和安全性的量规第1部分灯头中对E27灯头的规定。使用符合IEC 60061灯头、灯座及检验其互换性和安全性的量规第3部分量规中规定的量规检验成品灯的灯头尺寸。

8.3.4启动性能

在明示的最低启动温度下(如未给出最低启动温度则应在(--25±2)℃条件下)，测验电压为额定电压的90%进行启动试验，应在10s内启动并正常燃点。启动试验应在老炼之前进行。

8.3.5工作电压范围和光视效能

在正常使用条件下老炼100h后，在标称输人电压下测量光通量及输人功率计算光视效能。

当输人电压在标称电压的90%-120%范围内变化时，测量灯的光视效能。

初始光电参数的测量方法按GB 17262的规定进行。

8.3.6工作频率

输人电压在标称值的90%-120%范围内变化时，在灯的终端测量灯的工作频率。

8.3.7照明器光电色参数测量

照明器光电色参数测量方法按GB 17262和GB 17263的规定进行。

直流照明器的测量应在(25±2)℃的环境温度和无对流空气的条件中进行采用光谱法进行测量。

输人电压在标称值的90%-120%范围内变化时，在灯的终端测量灯的电流波形。

8.3.8工作电流波形

a)波形对称性：输人电压在标称值的90%-120%范围内变化时，在灯的终端测量灯的电流波形，其波形不应超过规定值。

b)电流波峰比：输人电压在标称值的90%-120%范围内变化时，在灯的终端测量灯电流的波峰比。

c)灯的波峰比：输人电压在标称值的90%-120%范围内变化时，在灯的终端测量灯的波峰比。

8.3.9寿命及可靠性试验

开关试验应在(25±2)℃的环境温度中进行。在90%-120%的额定电压下，灯燃点5s，关闭55s。灯的燃点位置为垂直燃点，灯头在上。双端荧光灯具应水平点燃在直流电源电压下燃点，燃点期间电源电压自动在90%-120%额定电压范围内变化，并模拟灯的开关试验。在3000h燃点中和6000次开关后，灯不应失效。

a)寿命试验：寿命试验应在(15-50)℃无风的环境中进行。灯在燃点时不应受到剧烈的振动和碰撞。灯的燃点位置为垂直燃点，灯头在上。灯燃点3h后，关闭20min。在3h的燃点中，应为在120%额定电压下燃点1h，正常额定电压燃点1h，90%额定电压下燃点1h，关闭时间不计人寿命时间之内。

b)可靠性试验：可靠性试验应在(25±2)℃的环境温度中进行。开关试验应在90%-120%的在额定电压下，灯燃点5s，关闭55s。灯的燃点位置为垂直燃点，灯头在上。双端荧光灯具应水平点燃。

8.3.10功耗试验

8.3.10.1异常时的功耗试验

直流照明器在正常状态下使用，然后将直流照明器灯管从灯座上移开，灯具和灯没有损坏。灯具消耗的电流应小于正常电流消耗的20%或1.6W。测试后，灯具仍能正常工作。

在灯管开路或失效时灯具的功耗应限制在正常工作时的20%之内或1.6W。

试验方法：直流照明器在正常状态下使用，然后直流照明器灯管从座上移开，灯具消耗的电流应小于正常电流消耗的20%。

8.3.10.2反接状态的功耗试验

直流照明器在反接状态下，其功耗应限制在正常工作时的20%之内或1.6W

通过灯具的端子与稳压电源的极性反接1h灯具及电源不应损坏本试验仅适用于半灯具类直流照明器。

8.3.11绝缘性能

在500V的电压下测量金属部件与接线端子之间的绝缘电阻，应≥2MΩ。

8.3.12防火、防燃试验

针焰试验：试验火焰施加于样品可能出现最高温度的部位10s，进行防火试验不固定带电部件就位的、但提供防触电保护的绝缘材料的外部部件，用650℃灼热丝试验检验防火性能。试验火焰施加于样品可能出现最高温度的部位10s，在试验火焰移开后，自燃燃烧时间应不超过30s，由样品中落下的任何燃烧物应不引燃下面的部件或水平铺置在样品下(200±5)mm的薄纸。

8.3.13机械强度测试

扭力不应突然施加，而应逐渐从0增加到规定值。

对于不采用粘接方式固定的灯头，可允许在灯头与灯体之间有相对位移，但不得超过100。机械强度试验后，直流照明器应不损坏，并不破坏其他安全性能。

8.3.14潮态绝缘电阻试验

灯应先在温度为20℃-30℃之间任一值±1℃、相对湿度为91%-95%范围内的潮湿箱内放置48h。

在灯上施加大约500V直流电压，1min后进行绝缘电阻测试。

8.3.15异常状态保护试验

依次进行下述异常状态试验，每个试验使用一个试样：

a)因一阴极损坏，灯不启动。

b)虽然阴极线路完整不缺，但灯不启动(去激活灯)。

c)灯工作，但一阴极已去激活或损坏(整流效应)

d)断开或跨接线路中的其他触点，而线路图表明这种异常状态可能降低灯的安全性能。

e)灯具镇流器应具有极性反接保护。通过灯具的端子与稳压电源的极性反接1h来检验。

f)不能短路的零部件或装置不应跨接。同样，不能开路的零部件或装置不应断开。

将受试灯在室温下点燃，施加的电压为额定电压的90%和120%，或是电压范围平均值的90%和120%，一直达到稳定状态，然后进行异常状态试验。试验期间，灯不得起火或产生易燃气体，而且带电部件不得变成可触及的。

8.3.16耐热试验

采用球压试验装置检验其合格性

试验在加热箱内进行，固定带电部件的试验最低温度为125℃，其他部件的最低温度为75℃。被试部件的表面应水平放置，用直径5mm的钢球以20N/m2压力压迫该面1h，然后将球从样品上取下，再将样品在冷水中浸10s使其冷却，测量压痕直径不得超过2mm。

8.3.17直流半灯具结构试验

结构的试验按GB/T 7000.1的有关规定进行。

8.4直流/交流逆变器试验

8.4.1设备外观与文件资料

8.4.1.1设备外观

目测设备的外观及主要零、部件是否有损坏，是否有受潮现象，元器件是否有松动与丢失。

8.4.1.2商标检查

目测设备的标签内容是否符合技术要求中的规定是否标明蓄电池和负载的连接点和极性。

8.4.1.3文件资料

检查设备配备的文件资料是否符合技术要求中的规定

8.4.2输出电压变化范围

测试电路如图8.在输人电压以额定值的90%-120%进行变化、输出为额定功率时，用电压表测量其输出电压值，应符合本标准中的规定。

8.4.3输出频率

在输人电压以额定值的90%-120%进行变化、输出为额定功率时，用频率测试仪测量其输出频率值，应符合本标准中的规定。

8.4.4输出电压波形失真度(正弦波)

输人电压及输出功率为额定值时，用失真仪测量输出电压的最大波形失真度，应符合本标准中的规定。

8.4.5效率

输人电压为额定值时，测量负载为满载的75%时的效率，应符合本标准中的规定。

8.4.6噪声

当输人电压为额定值时，在设备高度1/2、正面距离3m处用声级计分别测量50额定负载与满载时的噪声，应符合本标准中的规定。

8.4.7带载能力

8.4.7.1当输人电压与输出功率为额定值时，检查逆变器的连续可靠工作时间，应符合本标准中的规定。

8.4.7.2当输人电压为额定值、输出功率为额定值的125%时，检查逆变器的连续可靠工作时间，应符合本标准中的规定。

8.4.7.3当输人电压为额定值、输出功率为额定值的150%时，检查逆变器的安全工作时间，应符合本标准中的规定。

8.4.8静态电流

断开负载后，用电流表在逆变器输人端测量其输人直流电流，应符合本标准中的规定。

8.4.9保护功能

8.4.9.1欠压保护

使输人电压低于标称值90%时，逆变器应能自动关机保护。

8.4.9.2过电流保护

使逆变器工作电流超过额定值50%时，逆变器应能自动保护。

8.4.9.3短路保护

通过降低可变负载电阻至0(或移出负载电阻而短接终端)，使逆变器交流输出短路，逆变器应能自动保护。

8.4.9.4极性反接保护

逆变器的正极输人端连接到直流电源负极，逆变器的负极输人端连接到Ik流电源正极，逆变器应能自动保护。

8.4.9.5雷电保护

目测检查是否有防雷器件；或按防雷器件的技术指标要求用雷击试验仪对其进行雷击电压波与电流波的试验，应能保证吸收预期的冲击能量。

8.4.10逆变器的输出安全性

检查逆变器的输出端子是否使用安全插座。

8.4.11环境试验

8.4.11.1低温贮存试验

试验方法按GB/T 2423.1-2001中“试验A”进行。产品无包装、不通电、不含蓄电池。试验温度为(-25±3)℃，试验持续时间为16h，在标准大气条件下恢复2h后，逆变器应能正常工作。

8.4.11.2低温工作试验

试验方法按GB/T 2423.1-2001中“试验A”进行。产品无包装。在试验温度为(-5±3)℃条件

下，通电加额定负载保持2h，在标准大气条件下恢复2h后，逆变器应能正常工作。

8.4.11.3高温贮存试验

试验方法按GB/T 2423.2-2001中“试验B”进行。产品无包装、不通电。试验温度为(70±2)℃。

试验持续时间为2h，在标准大气条件下恢复2h后，逆变器应能正常工作。

8.4.11.4高温工作试验

试验方法按GB/T 2423.2-2001中“试验B”进行。产品无包装。试验温度为(40±2)℃，通电加额定负载保持2h，在标准大气条件下恢复2h后，逆变器应能正常工作。

8.4.11.5恒定湿热试验

试验方法按GB/T 2423.9-2001中“试验Cb”进行。产品无包装、不通电。在试验温度为(40±2)℃、相对湿度为93%±3%条件下，试验持续时间48h，试验后取出样品在正常环境下恢复2h后，逆变器应能正常工作。

8.4.11.6振动试验

试验方法按GB/T 2423.10-1995中“试验Fc”和导则进行。产品无包装。在三个互相垂直的安装方向上经受频率为10Hz-55Hz、振幅为0.75mm、扫频循环各5次试验，试验后设备不应有机械损坏和机内变化，紧固件不应有松动现象，通电后应能正常。

9工作检验规则

9.1太阳能电池组件检验规则

9.1.1抽样

按照GB/T 9535-1998中3的规定从同一批或几批产品中随机抽取检测样品，样品数量可以为6一8个。

9.1.2试验程序

把抽取的组件样品分成组，并按图9所示的程序进行检测试验。图中注明的参加试验的组件数可根据所抽取的样品数量做适当调整。

做每项试验的过程中，除记录试验数据外，还应记录

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