Three-phase motors are extremely widely used and are also known as induction motors.
Three-phase motors are extremely widely used and are also known as induction motors.

The three-phase motor is stationary before the power is turned on.

When the stator winding of the motor is connected to the three-phase power supply, a rotating magnetic field is generated in the air gap in the stator. Assuming that the rotating magnetic field rotates in a clockwise direction, there is relative motion between the rotor and the rotating magnetic field, and an induced electromotive force is generated in the rotor wire.

Since the magnetic field rotates in a clockwise direction, which is equivalent to the magnetic field not moving, the rotor wire moves in a counterclockwise direction to cut the magnetic field lines. According to the right hand rule, it can be determined that the induced electromotive force direction of the upper half of the rotor is outward, and the lower half of the wire The direction of the induced electromotive force is inward.

Since the rotor winding is closed, an induced current flows through the rotor wire under the induced electromotive force, called the rotor current.

The rotor current is subjected to an electromagnetic force in a rotating magnetic field, the direction of which is determined by the left-hand rule. These electromagnetic forces form a torque (called electromagnetic torque) on the rotating shaft, and the direction of action is the same as the direction of the rotating magnetic field, so the rotor rotates in the direction of the rotating magnetic field.

The three-phase asynchronous motor has the advantages of simple structure, simple manufacture, high work reliability and strong maintainability.

The three-phase asynchronous motor is mainly divided into two parts: a stator and a rotor.

The stator is mainly used to realize a support base for fixing and protecting a stator core and a stator winding of a three-phase asynchronous motor, and a stator core and a winding which constitute an excitation in a three-phase asynchronous motor.

The rotor of the three-phase asynchronous motor is mainly used for supporting the rotor, transmitting the torque of the motor, ensuring that the uniform rotating shaft of the air gap between the stator and the rotor and the stator core together constitute the rotor core and the rotor winding of the excitation circuit.

The specific structure is as follows:

1, bearing

There are bearing caps on both sides to keep the bearing with enough grease.

2, end cap

The end cap is made of cast iron with a bearing in the center hole to support the rotor.

3, the shaft

The rotating shaft is used to transmit the output torque of the motor and ensure a uniform air gap between the stator and the rotor to ensure that the motor power factor and the exciting current reach a specified value.

4, rotor core

It is laminated from silicon steel sheets and press-fitted onto a rotating shaft with a uniformly distributed notch on the outer circumference for casting the conductor.

5, stator winding

There are three windings of a three-phase asynchronous motor, each winding consisting of several coils, each of which is composed of multiple turns. The windings are typically wound from high strength polyester enamelled round copper wire. The six outlets of the three-phase winding are fixed in the junction box of the housing shell, and the beginning end of each winding is marked next to the line head. The three-phase windings have a star and a triangle connection.

6, the stator core

The stator core is laminated with a circular annular silicon steel sheet of 0.35-0.5 mm, and the surface of the silicon steel sheet is coated with an insulating varnish to reduce the eddy current loss caused by the alternating magnetic flux. The inner circumference of the stator silicon steel sheet is stamped with evenly distributed slots for mounting the stator windings.

7, the base

The bracket for the motor, made of cast iron. A heat sink is mounted on the surface of the enclosed motor to increase the heat dissipation area. A junction box is also mounted on the base for connecting the winding leads and accessing the power supply.








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