Compared with traditional superphosphate, granulated compound fertilizer and other varieties, water-soluble fertilizer has obvious advantages. It is a quick-acting fertilizer with good water solubility and no residue. It can be completely dissolved in water and can be directly absorbed and utilized by the roots and leaves of crops. However, the application of water-soluble fertilizers is very particular.
Water-soluble fertilizer is combined with micro-sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation in facility agriculture to achieve water and fertilizer integration and achieve water-saving and fertilizer-saving efficiency. In today's increasingly scarce water resources, the application of water-soluble fertilizer has become one of the measures to increase agricultural efficiency and increase farmers' income. The core technical points of water soluble fertilizer application are as follows:
1. Avoid direct flushing: take the second dilution water soluble fertilizer than the general compound fertilizer, the nutrient content is relatively high, the dosage is relatively small, the direct application is easy to cause the burnt seedling roots, the seedlings and seedlings are weak, and the second dilution is not only beneficial to fertilizer application. Evenly, it can also improve fertilizer utilization.
2, a small number of multiple application: due to the rapid availability of water soluble fertilizer, it is difficult to stay in the soil for a long time, a small number of times is the most important principle of fertilization, in line with the characteristics of plant roots uninterrupted absorption of nutrients, reduce the leaching caused by one-time large-scale fertilization loss. Generally, the dosage per acre is 3-6 kg.
3, pay attention to nutrient balance: water soluble fertilizer is generally applied by pouring, spraying, or mixed into water, with irrigation (drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation) application. It should be reminded that when using drip irrigation, due to the dense growth and large amount of crop roots, the dependence on soil nutrient supply is reduced, and more depends on the nutrients provided by drip irrigation. If the water soluble fertilizer formula is not balanced, it will affect crop growth. In addition, water-soluble fertilizer should not be applied with traditional irrigation methods such as flood irrigation or irrigation, to avoid fertilizer waste and uneven application.
4, with the application: water-soluble fertilizer is a quick-acting fertilizer, generally only as a top dressing. Especially in conventional agricultural production, water-soluble fertilizer is not a substitute for other conventional fertilizers. It is necessary to combine the base fertilizer with the top dressing, the combination of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, and the combination of water soluble fertilizer and conventional fertilizer to reduce the cost and exert the advantages of various fertilizers.
5, try to use alone or in combination with non-alkaline pesticides: when vegetables have deficiency or root growth, many farmers use spray water to dissolve the fertilizer. It is reminded that the water-soluble fertilizer should be applied as much as possible or mixed with non-alkaline pesticides, so as to prevent metal ions from reacting to produce precipitation, resulting in leaf damage or phytotoxicity.
6. Avoid excessive irrigation: When the main purpose of fertilization is to irrigate, the deepening of the root layer can be achieved. Different crop root depths vary widely, and the concrete can be dug at any time to understand the specific depth of the root layer. Excessive irrigation not only wastes water, but also causes nutrients to leap below the root layer, crops cannot be absorbed, and fertilizer is wasted. In particular, urea and nitrate nitrogen fertilizers in water-soluble fertilizers (such as potassium nitrate, calcium ammonium nitrate, nitrophosphate, and water-soluble fertilizers containing nitrate nitrogen) are easily lost with water.
7, to prevent the accumulation of salt on the surface: long-term use of drip irrigation in greenhouses or greenhouses, will cause accumulation of salt on the surface, affecting root growth. Under-film drip irrigation can be used to inhibit salt migration to the surface layer.
How to distinguish true and false water soluble fertilizer?
Water-soluble fertilizer is a multi-component compound fertilizer that can be completely dissolved in water. It can be quickly dissolved in water. The absorption and utilization rate of crops is 2 to 3 times that of common fertilizers. It improves fertilizer utilization, saves agricultural water, reduces ecological pollution, and improves. It plays an important role in crop quality and labor reduction. At present, the general consumption areas are mainly concentrated in greenhouse vegetable production bases, fruit tree production bases, and some flowering and other planting areas.
Due to the simple production equipment and process of water-soluble fertilizers, there are many small-scale production enterprises. Some enterprises have no product inspection capability, backward production technology, and low quality awareness, resulting in uneven quality of water-soluble fertilizers on the market, and identification of true and false water-soluble fertilizers. , need to pay attention to the following points:
Look at the nutrient content of each element on the packaging bag. According to the standard of large-scale element water-soluble fertilizer, the single nutrient content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should not be lower than 4%, and the sum of the three should not be lower than 50%. If a large amount is seen on the package bag If one of the elements is marked less than 4%, or the sum of the three elements of NPK is less than 50%, the product is unqualified.
A large number of elements + trace element type Trace element content refers to the sum of copper, iron, manganese, zinc, boron, molybdenum element content, the product should contain at least one trace element. The total content of trace elements should not be less than 0.2%, and the single trace elements with a content of not less than 0.05% should be included in the trace element content, and the content of molybdenum should not be higher than 0.5%.
A large number of elements + medium amount of medium-quantity element content refers to the sum of calcium and magnesium content. The product should contain at least one medium-sized element. The total content of the medium-sized element should not be less than 1.0%, and the content should be at least 0.1%. The amount of elements should be included in the content of the medium amount. Look at the various specific nutrients on the packaging bag. High-quality large-scale elements of water-soluble fertilizers are very clear to ensure the identification of ingredients (including a large number of elements, medium-quantity elements, trace elements), and they are all single-labeled, so that the nutrient content is clear, and the people use it. rest assured. The nutrient content of informal manufacturers generally appears with the words ≥ 5% of total NPK content. If so marked, the product is not regular.
Look at the product formula and register the crop. A large amount of water-soluble fertilizer is a formula fertilizer. High-quality water-soluble fertilizer generally has several formulas. From the seedling stage to the harvesting period, you can find a suitable formula. If the package is clearly written as a certain The special fertilizer for a crop, 1-2 formulas hit the world, this kind of practice is not very reliable. A formal fertilizer registration crop is one or several crops, and for unregistered crops, there is a need for local experience.
See if there are product implementation standards. What needs to be explained here is that we usually say that the full water-soluble and drip irrigation fertilizers, in fact, its product name is a large number of elements of water-soluble fertilizer, the general implementation standard is NY1107-2010, if on the packaging What appears is not the standard, indicating that it is not a large amount of water-soluble fertilizer.
The standard marked on the packaging of a large number of elements of water-soluble fertilizers is based on GB, indicating that such products are unqualified. In addition, it depends on whether there is a fertilizer registration certificate number. If the vegetable grower has doubts about the product, you can check the fertilizer registration number on the Internet, the qualified large amount of water-soluble fertilizer, the fertilizer registration certificate number and the manufacturer can find it. Can not find, indicating that the product is unqualified.
Look at the inspection report or the fully water-soluble fertilizer produced by the regular manufacturer. The inspection report or certificate should be placed in the package to clearly inform the consumers of the product quality test results of the batch of fertilizer.
See if it is marked with heavy metal content, etc. The heavy metal content and water insoluble matter of a large number of elemental water-soluble fertilizers produced by regular manufacturers are lower than the national standard and are clearly marked. If the fertilizer packaging bag is not marked with heavy metal content and water is not contained, it should be used with caution.
Dissolve a small amount of fertilizer with a proper amount of water. High-quality elemental water-soluble fertilizer can dissolve quickly in water. The solution is clear and free of residue and sediment. If the fertilizer is not completely dissolved in water, there is residue, indicating that the fertilizer quality is not very good.
Look at the granules of the fertilizer. The water-soluble fertilizer product with good quality is uniform and crystalline, and the particle size is similar to that of salt particles. If the water-soluble fertilizer fertilizer particle size is different, the large particles are similar to the compound fertilizer or urea particle size, it is best not to buy.
How to identify the true and false of imported water soluble fertilizer?
1, smell, then don't say it, everyone knows;
2, the appearance, must be dyed (red, blue, green), because the foreign fertilizer is designed for the big farm, if it is colorless, add to the farmer does not know, it may be added once more resulting in excessive concentration;
3, there are black spots, green spots, etc., those are trace elements, and the distribution is relatively uniform (this is generally not possible in China), mainly equipment problems (horizontal and barrel-like mixing opportunities have about 10%) The dead angle leads to uneven mixing. Foreign countries are double-spiral cone mixers and require 30 minutes of mixing);
4, less water, an open secret, in order to reduce costs, the domestic use of powdered urea (some directly with the particles to crush), this is the moisture absorption, the lowest, when the urea reaches 30%, use Hand pinch can be found to be very sticky, it will be dyed on the hand when it is photographed, and the imported one will not be dyed on the hand;
5, the use of results, has been used, will find that good imported water soluble fertilizer will be harvested for a period of time, as long as people's living conditions will be longevity. And the water-soluble fertilizer with hormones will have premature aging, and the disease will be more, just like people who eat drugs.
6, the price has changed, in fact, many times, the price is indeed very high, but like imported pesticides, most of them are spent on research and development. Water-soluble fertilizer is spent on experiments. For example, I was exposed to an imported water-soluble fertilizer. At a test base around Wuhan, they rented 30 mu of land and spent a year proving that the product is suitable for the crops in the region. In the first two years, the sale will be more expensive. At the beginning of the third year, the price will not be expensive. Because the cost is recovered, they think that the product is already an old product, and it should not be too expensive.
Therefore, the imported products are expensive and should not be expensive after three years. As far as I am concerned, at the beginning, it was 15 pounds of retail, and later 12 pounds, to release new varieties, and some areas even promoted sales as low as 10 yuan a pound.
7, the product has characteristics, either the combination of phosphorus and calcium, or has a certain sustained release effect, or the addition of promotional ingredients, etc., and domestic speculation is high content (high fart, can not absorb), hormones are good (Good drug is also a drug, what kind of lipid is more expensive than resodapodium, the effect of hidden points), improved soil, etc. (more esoteric, but also release the soil's fixed substances, you dare to make some precipitation to make ions State?)
Imported water soluble fertilizer and domestic water soluble fertilizer have the same point:
1. Imported water-soluble fertilizer and domestic water-soluble fertilizer are basically the same in nutrients and content. They are all quick-acting, water-soluble fertilizers, which improve the disease resistance, cold resistance, drought resistance and lodging resistance of crops, and extend the shelf life and storage period of crops.
2. After use, the fruit is evenly colored and well-sized, which can promote early maturity and early listing.
3, the use of the method is to directly spray on the page, flushing, drip irrigation and so on.
The difference between imported water soluble fertilizer and domestic water soluble fertilizer:
1, the price is different, the import is more expensive than the domestic, because the import of water soluble fertilizer needs to increase the income of other aspects, such as tariffs, so the price of sales is expensive. Domestically produced water-soluble fertilizers have no tariffs and various costs incurred in the intermediate stages of the compound, so it is cheaper than the same amount of imported water-soluble fertilizers.
2. In the market, when China's water-soluble fertilizer has not developed, the imported water-soluble fertilizer does occupy the high-end market of water-soluble fertilizer in China. However, with the continuous development of China's water-soluble fertilizer technology, it has achieved quite good results in recent years. Breakthrough, gradually importing water soluble fertilizer will also be gradually driven out of the market in China.

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