Talking about the Design of Electrical Equipment Houses for High-rise Buildings
Design and Points for Attention of Shandong Tongyuan Design Assembly Co., Ltd. Maoqin Motor Room, Electric Shaft, Weak Electrical Equipment Room> Guanyin Super High-rise Building Substation Diesel Generator House Electrical Shaft Seismic AbstractYearicle Describes General High-SK Construction, Root倨 The scale and function of the construction, allegiance to various electrical systems and electronic suffocation systems, the selection of publicly-appropriate locations within the building, the establishment of a certain size of electrical and weak electrical room and other electrical equipment claw room. At the time of engineering design, the electrical profession must promptly advise the construction profession according to the rules of the family and the relevant regulations. The requirements must be met in close cooperation with the construction and engineering work types. Qiu chooses and determines various types of power houses. Bit H is on an inverse scale and strives to achieve satisfactory results for both the Electric H program and the construction program.
From the high-rise buildings in the electrical design S high-rise buildings similar features, but also with ordinary high-M building does not N set up the concept of "I", need to do special settings in the key to deal with it, in order to ensure its safety and quality.
Now combining my previous experience in designing, I talked about the design of electrical equipment room in a K high-fi and high-rise buildings. A body of 1.1 substation 1.1 Talking about high-rise buildings because of the use of complex functions, a large number of electrical equipment, The claw capacitance is large, and the building is large, the power supply distance is K, and the line electricity IE is decreased, and comprehensive consideration is given to setting up multiple substations. For super high-rise buildings under 20m, a more common method is to use full radial power supply. The 10kV line will be introduced from the underground M to the 10kV general transformer station, and then divided into Btl to the substations in each load center. Substation transformers are equipped with U)kV isolation switches in front of each transformer. The advantage is that the ground protection is complete and simple. The disadvantage is that there are many switches and cables, and the electrical equipment room occupies the basement area.
1.2 Setting location Substation location selection In the design of 10kV substations, the first choice is to select the location near the center of the load. The ultra-high M building is generally located in the bustling area of ​​ten cities. To avoid the gold position of the seven claws, large-capacity Electricity is used to design air-conditioner rooms, water s rooms, etc. to set up D'KS, so total substations are generally set to small areas; high-rise S-building towers have a relatively large structural beam, and Park: N is relatively densely arranged. g meet the requirements of distribution equipment layout, substations are selected to be arranged in the podium position, and human capacity S equipment is installed in the refrigerating room, etc. to make the special pawl substation of 11/11. The equipment is many and scattered. In the design time, the electric wells are used as load collection points, and the substation of the substation should be selected to the position where the horizontal distance of each distribution shaft is the smallest. In the vicinity, the load SR is minimized; the substation can be installed in the basement of the building, but it is not suitable to be installed at the bottom of the building. Therefore, the general substation of the high-rise building is generally located on the second floor underground or the next floor near the tower. The building site location.
Second, the setting of the substation should be even worse! Oh! The line is convenient, one should be close to the external wall in order to investigate and enter the line; also should be deployed to detect the transport or hoisting, in the program phase should be professional with the construction, taking into account the establishment of the economy in and out of m Road, in meeting the special In addition to the revenue requirements, the rationality of the outdoor pipelines in the community and the impact on the design of the observations should also be considered. A non-small 20m2 high-ffi demarcation chamber can be installed on the outer wall of the M floor, and a 10kvIE power distribution room and one or more 10/0.4kV substations can be reasonably installed according to the total capacity and load distribution of the claws. . The 10kV high-W power distribution room should be close to the high-gap boundary room, and should be co-built with the main transformer substation.
In addition, other requirements for installation should also not be located directly under the bathroom, bathroom or other frequently-water-storage sites, and should not be placed next to one another; they should not be located in places where there is violent movement or high temperatures; they should be avoided. The position of expansion joints, settlement joints, etc. of the TTV building constructed by Jianchang can not be located in the explosion hazard environment, and the positive force or the downward force should not be set in the positive force or the downward force in the fire hazardous environment. 4 See the relevant specifications, and don't go into details.
1.3 The upper substation has a high height of the towel 10 super high M building. It is difficult to connect the water supply to the top of the building with the water pump of ten underground M. It is necessary to add the fire water system and the living water system in the equipment layer of the building N. X: Set up the bar to run the iK of the system. In addition, in the refuge floor and the tail floor of the upper part of the building, more power equipment such as elevators and fans are also installed. It can be considered that h is a load concentration point. When the power supply from the lower substation is not economical, it should be considered. There is a substation in the upper part. There is information that high-rise building load moments unwilling. Large 30,000 kW m, otherwise non-ferrous metal consumption, investment and line losses increased. Considering the actual situation, the total RK is specified by the architectural engineering technical measure/electricity H. The load exceeds 500 kW, and the substation should be considered when the power supply distance exceeds 2 (X) m. At this time, the negative moment reaches 10,000 MWm; in a high-rise building , Feng-chang substation is located in the podium, for the Hi line there is still a considerable degree of water f distance, in the actual design, more than 150m high-transport buildings should consider setting up the upper substation; When considering whether to set up an upper substation, it should not be considered simply to split the capacity or the power supply distance, and the load moment of 100,000 kV m should be considered as the upper limit value of the various trailing edges, and +C should be exceeded.
The h substation is generally set in the place where the function is converted or the technical folder M and the evacuation M. This is also the case where the power equipment is located in the nest A. When the upper substation is installed, in addition to meet the specification requirements, it should also be considered. Changing the IE device's history of t-lifting and post-mouth equipment maintenance history, water transport, and transportation channels, as well as the effect of setting the economy on the floor load. Due to the restrictions on the size and load capacity of the elevator shaft, the use of wall-lifting methods should be avoided. A single changeable musical instrument should not have an 8 (X) kVA tolerance, and a complete set of substation miniaturization equipment can also be used to facilitate space saving. It is not recommended to use a cable clamp M for power distribution in and out lines. It is not recommended to use cable clamps M. In addition, the upper substation should be avoided as it is adjacent to rooms N, which are used for offices and hotels, etc. Otherwise, anti-vibration, noise, Electromagnetic radiation and other measures.
1.4 Estimation of substation area Based on past experience, with high voltage distribution room. Substations, equipment, 2 sets of musical instruments, the building area of ​​substation should be about 300m2; 4 transformers official. For 400m2. other substation leaves only in the change ffi before the establishment of isolation cabinets, substation building hoarding can be estimated by 7590m2 / ft. The determination of the substation area should also take into account the dimensions of the selected equipment and whether it is set within the substation. Cable ditch, the position of the cable entering and leaving the power distribution cabinet and other factors will affect the size of the equipment, and if necessary, economic and technical comparisons should be made. Choose Settlement. Need to pay attention to the foot, the shape of the building area and the column N settings are not conducive to the equipment layout, the area will be added.
2 Diesel Generator Room 2.1 Diesel Generator Room As a super-story building, the safety components must be the places where the power supply system design requires special attention, and the second is the reliability of the power supply. In the design of the distribution system, consider the configuration of multi-loop power supply and standby generator sets. When low-voltage generators are used, they should be located close to the low-voltage power distribution room of the substation to facilitate wiring and reduce line losses. When the building m has a large electrical capacity, consider using a clamshell generator. The noise and the building type, the amount of work, and the layout of the building required for the engine room. And other factors. At the design stage of the plan, the area of ​​the engine room of the Taiwan unit is approximately 60,100 m2. 2.2 The position of the diesel generator room should satisfy the position selection requirements of the substation in addition to the position of the substation, and the intake, exhaust, and exhaust of the equipment room should also be considered. The il plays with the exterior walls, preferably on the non-main entrance and lee side of the building. Try to avoid the entrance and exit of the building and the main ramp in order to avoid influencing people's speaking and influencing during the regular operation and maintenance. The equipment room should not be located at the bottom of the basement. Otherwise, effective flood prevention and moisture prevention measures should be taken to ensure that the N emergency generator sets, power distribution cabinets, and fire fighting equipment do not cause power outage due to flooding.
3 Electric Shaft (floor distribution room) 3.1 Electric Shaft Area As a super high-rise building, there are many floors M. The more electromechanical equipments are matched, the more equipment is used for erecting and the area is occupied, and the lower the floor usage is. According to the relevant information, some high-rise smart building use rates in foreign countries are around 60%, and smart office buildings built and under construction in China have a crush rate f of around 65%, and they can reach about 70%. On the tenth owner side, it is hoped that there will be as much room for use as possible. This will create a contradiction with the space occupied by our electrical equipment. This is a problem that many high-rise buildings will encounter. According to experience, the area of ​​strong electrical equipment is 5% to 10% of the floor area. Generally, it takes 10%n from the top floor, and the H1 walkway space is also needed. The space is relatively tense and the weak phase is In. 3.2 The space saving is Design h, we must first meet the specification requirements to ensure that the electrical system has a good installation and maintenance of empty NN Hh for the industry to obtain more than the claws empty N, the need for designers in the arrangement of cables and Xian Jing force 4 reasonable layout , Fine design, adoption of new technologies and new processes, selection of advanced economics on the basis of economical and reasonable benzene, and close coordination with the owners and various construction sites, the M-rats will reduce the vertical and vertical alignments, etc. The space in order to provide more space for use in 丨k.
3.3 The position and number of shafts shall be determined according to the nature of the electricity load, the number of equipment and pipelines and the power supply of the rat, the branch lines, the settlement setting of the building, and the partition of the fire to determine the location and quantity of the wells. Generally 800m2 left only f electric wells, electric H shaft should not share the same shaft with elevators, pipeline wells, etc., to avoid adjacent flue, heat pipes and other equipment with large heat or humidity, close to the power load center, Make every effort to reduce the length of the mains cable and the power loss. For people from high-rise buildings, podiums and towers, the use of various functions, in order to ten management, electrical Yinxian should be set according to the use of functions, in addition to r set Yinxian in the tower, but also group building distribution N, diversion Unrelated to the tower.
The setting of electric wells in a high-M building should take into account the in- and out-line forces and should be located in the common parts of Ding Fang's installation and maintenance, and the upper KS should be aligned.
In addition to the size, the space occupied by the distribution box, meter box, branch box, and junction box, as well as the operation and maintenance distance, shall be taken into consideration in addition to laying the erected cable, enclosed bus, threaded steel pipe and trunking. In addition to the vertical and small people to meet the wiring interval and the installation of the box or equipment and other necessary feet, the strong electricity should be in front of the box m is not small ten. 8m, weak electricity. In front of the box, there is a small operation and maintenance distance of 100.6m. When conditions are limited and public walkways outside Lizhaoxianjing are used as maintenance areas, the net depth of strong electric wells should not be less than 0.8m, and the net depth of weak electric wells should not be small enough. 4m. When selecting the vertical shaft, the effect of the structural beam on the laying of the vertical line should also be considered. It should be noted that when the thickness of the wall is reduced, the vertical wall is aligned so that the ten lines are laid. In order to prevent water intrusion, Kenji's floor or threshold should be high. Mi in the upper part of the super-M building with electrical substations should also consider the installation of high-voltage cables, empty N, In with ffilOkV and low + : 0.22/0.38kV power line, the distance should be large Ding 500mm, and the cable should be installed in the high-York cable line in the gold field, and the vertical and internal high-voltage power lines should be clearly marked. Figures I and 2 show a simplified layout of an electrical shaft with a tower for your office.
3.6.1 Various erected tube wells in high-rise buildings are the means of fire extension.
In order to prevent the IK from burning and destroying the pipes in the event of a fire, the vertical wall of the electrical connection shall be a non-combustion body with a fire-resistant limit of not less than 1H. The electric well gates on the floor (the fire resistance rating should not be lower than the inner level) should be routed to the public access. Floor transportation N should have reinforced concrete floor or steel structure floor to make fireproof and sealed isolation. Each layer of cable shall pass through the floor (preserve the hole or gold field tube casing) and be used for fire protection. There shall be no holes. All detectors must be installed in rooms with a height of 5m2.
Monitoring of electrical bridge (three-slot) wired integrated fabric IR cabinet two plug-in bus box plug-in box Fire-fighting monitoring data presentation, in the height of lm, swing deviation up to 20em. To reduce the high-rise building in the swing The force on the copper busbar connecting assembly can be used to connect the busbar to power distribution in the design of the vertical trunk cable, which reduces the chance of failure and maintenance, and relatively increases the life of the dry system on f.
3.6.3 To ensure the safety of people, high-rise buildings need to be protected by safety grounding, that is, the equipotential bonding system. The grounding P wire and grounding terminal box are provided in the shaft. The metal shells of the steel bars and electrical equipment of each floor can be reliably grounded through electrical wiring to form equipotential M. The specific approach is shown in Box 3. 3.6.2 Due to the certain degree of swing from high-rise buildings, according to Intelligent electric power technology for housing estates 4 The equipment room for weak electric equipment is located in super-structure buildings, and the overall level of information is relatively weak. Various types of weak-motor rooms are required, such as fire-fighting system, security control center, and construction equipment control room. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development. G16 2008 Code for Electrical Design of Civil Buildings . Beijing: China Building Industry Press, 2008. China Building Standard Huai Institute. National Civil Engineering Design Technical Measures - Electrical. Beijing: China Building Industry Press, 2003. Ministry of Electric Power Industry of the People's Republic of China. Specification for Seismic Design of Power Facilities GB50260-96 . Beijing: China Planning Press, 1996. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China. GB50011 - 2008 Code for Seismic Design of Buildings . Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2008. Wu Zhengping. Introduction to Distribution System of Super High - rise Buildings . Building Electrical, 2008 (5).
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