How to mix and use pesticides safely
In the process of controlling crop diseases, pests and weeds, many farmers have often mixed several pesticides for convenience, labor saving and drug efficiency. However, if blindly mixed, misused, and abused pesticides, it will not only fail to achieve the desired effect, but also easily cause crop damage, increase the cost of medication, and cause human and animal casualties. Therefore, mixed pesticides must bear in mind the following six principles, six taboos, and six notes:
Six principles
It is necessary to maintain the chemical stability of each active ingredient. When mixing pesticides, chemical changes should not be made to the active ingredients. First, pesticides that cause chemical damage after mixing can not be mixed: for example, Bordeaux mixture and stone sulphur mixture cannot be mixed. Stone sulphur mixture and rosin mixture, organic mercury pesticides, heavy metal pesticides, etc. can not be mixed. Second, acid-alkaline pesticides cannot be mixed: commonly used pesticides are generally classified into acidic, alkaline and neutral, and acid-base pesticides cannot be mixed. Third, pesticides with ester, amide and other structures should not be mixed with alkaline pesticides to avoid hydrolysis of lipids or amides. Fourth, some sulfur-containing fungicides such as Desen Zinc and Fumex are not suitable for use with the insecticide trichlorfon and monocrotophos. Fifth, some ionic pesticides, especially herbicides such as wild swallow, 2 methyl 4-chloramine salt, glyphosate, etc. may also react when mixed, reducing the efficacy.
Do not destroy the pharmacological properties of the agent. The two types of emulsifiable concentrates are required to have good emulsifying properties, dispersibility and wettability. When the two wettable powders are mixed, it is required to have good suspensibility, wettability and exhibitability. This is not only a condition for exerting efficacy, but also prevents failure, reduction or phytotoxicity due to changes in physical properties.
It is necessary to ensure that side effects such as phytotoxicity do not occur after mixing. For example, organophosphorus pesticides cannot be mixed with enemy cockroaches, which can cause phytotoxicity in rice after mixing.
To ensure the safety after mixing. After mixing pesticides, ensure that no toxins are added and that they are absolutely safe for humans and animals.
The mixing of pesticides should be reasonable. First, the mix between varieties should be reasonable. For example, weeding weeds in soybean fields can be controlled by catching nets and covering grass alone. If the two are mixed, although it is feasible from the stability of the drug, it can neither increase the efficiency nor expand the scope of prevention and control, and it is not necessary to mix. Second, the cost should be reasonable. Mixing is generally lower than the cost of a single use. For example, the more expensive new systemic fungicides are mixed with the less expensive protective fungicides, and the more expensive pyrethroid pesticides are mixed with organophosphorus pesticides.
It is necessary to clarify the scope of use of the compounding agent. It is necessary to clarify the relationship between the scope of use of the compounded pesticides and the range of use of the various active ingredients contained in the mixture. Read the instructions carefully before mixing the pesticides and do the miscibility test before mixing. Mixed pesticides require different modes of action and different treatment targets to achieve the purpose of expanding the scope of prevention and control and enhancing the control effect after mixing pesticides. After the mixture is used, the pesticide residue of agricultural and sideline products should be lower than that of the single agent. At the same time, the mixed use of pesticides should also achieve the purpose of reducing the cost of use. Mixing and mixing pesticides has its own characteristics only in terms of its scope of use and effect, so that compounding makes sense.
Six notes
Read the instructions carefully before mixing pesticides. It should be done according to the requirements in the product manual.
Mixed pesticides should not be too much. There should be no more than 3 types of general varieties, otherwise the possibility of interaction between them will increase greatly, and the risk of failure or phytotoxicity will increase.
After the pesticide is mixed, it should be used up as soon as possible. Mixed pesticides should be used now, try to use up in a short period of time, do not store for too long.
Spray should be even and thoughtful. Most systemic insecticides and fungicides are mainly transmitted to the upper part of the plant and rarely conduct downward. Therefore, it must be even and thoughtful when spraying, and it should not be sprayed or leaked.
Insist on the rotation of medication. Rotational medication can delay the development of pest resistance. To this end, when using pesticides, it is necessary to rotate the use of different types of pesticides to delay the development of drug resistance and improve the service life of pesticides.
Pay attention to medication at the right time. Diseases, insects and grasses at different developmental stages have different resistance to pesticides. Timely medication can achieve the effect of "doing more with half the effort". In the prevention and treatment of diseases, it is necessary to use the drug when the pathogenic bacteria are germinated and the pathogen spore resistance is weakened. In the prevention and control of pests, it is recommended to use drugs before the third instar, because the anti-drug resistance of the 3rd instar larvae is better. In the prevention and control of grass damage, it is effective when the weeds are germinated and sensitive to the agent at the initial stage. Therefore, when using pesticides, it is necessary to investigate and predict the disease according to the number of diseases, insects, grass conditions and natural enemies, and timely use drugs for prevention and treatment.
Six taboos
Avoid using well water and sewage to dispense medicine. The well water contains more minerals such as calcium and magnesium, and it is easy to react with the chemical liquid to form a precipitate, thereby reducing the efficacy. The sewage contains a lot of impurities, and it will block the nozzle when spraying, and it will also destroy the stability of the liquid and reduce the efficacy.
Avoid taking medicine in rainy days and high temperatures. When spraying in the wind, the pesticide will be dispersed, which may cause unnecessary phytotoxicity and loss. The rainy day drug solution is easily washed away by rain to reduce the efficacy of the drug, and the drug at high temperature is prone to crop phytotoxicity and personnel poisoning. Therefore, try to use the medicine when the weather is fine, no wind or breeze. The best time to take the medicine in one day is from 8 am to 11 am and from 4 pm to 6 pm.
Avoid using pesticides. The corresponding pesticide should be used according to the type of crop, the target of the control and the performance of the drug, so that the symptomatic medication can be achieved. Do not blindly increase the amount of medication, resulting in increased pest resistance and reduced control effects.
Avoid spraying at the flowering stage and before picking. Crops are very sensitive to pesticides during flowering, and spraying is prone to phytotoxicity. If the drug is used before picking, the residue produced on the crop will cause poisoning after eating. There should be a gap between the crop and the pesticide before harvesting, and the length of the interval will vary depending on the crop and the pesticide.
Avoid increasing the amount of medication. Increasing the amount of drugs at will not only increase investment, but also cause phytotoxicity of crops and increase the amount of pesticide residues in agricultural products. The recommended dosage of pesticide labels or instructions is generally determined after repeated trials. It cannot be changed arbitrarily during use to prevent crop damage or affect the control effect.
Avoid using expired pesticides. Excessive and degraded pesticides have reduced or even ineffective effects. After use, they can not only eliminate pests and diseases, but also delay the optimal control of pests and diseases.
Six principles
It is necessary to maintain the chemical stability of each active ingredient. When mixing pesticides, chemical changes should not be made to the active ingredients. First, pesticides that cause chemical damage after mixing can not be mixed: for example, Bordeaux mixture and stone sulphur mixture cannot be mixed. Stone sulphur mixture and rosin mixture, organic mercury pesticides, heavy metal pesticides, etc. can not be mixed. Second, acid-alkaline pesticides cannot be mixed: commonly used pesticides are generally classified into acidic, alkaline and neutral, and acid-base pesticides cannot be mixed. Third, pesticides with ester, amide and other structures should not be mixed with alkaline pesticides to avoid hydrolysis of lipids or amides. Fourth, some sulfur-containing fungicides such as Desen Zinc and Fumex are not suitable for use with the insecticide trichlorfon and monocrotophos. Fifth, some ionic pesticides, especially herbicides such as wild swallow, 2 methyl 4-chloramine salt, glyphosate, etc. may also react when mixed, reducing the efficacy.
Do not destroy the pharmacological properties of the agent. The two types of emulsifiable concentrates are required to have good emulsifying properties, dispersibility and wettability. When the two wettable powders are mixed, it is required to have good suspensibility, wettability and exhibitability. This is not only a condition for exerting efficacy, but also prevents failure, reduction or phytotoxicity due to changes in physical properties.
It is necessary to ensure that side effects such as phytotoxicity do not occur after mixing. For example, organophosphorus pesticides cannot be mixed with enemy cockroaches, which can cause phytotoxicity in rice after mixing.
To ensure the safety after mixing. After mixing pesticides, ensure that no toxins are added and that they are absolutely safe for humans and animals.
The mixing of pesticides should be reasonable. First, the mix between varieties should be reasonable. For example, weeding weeds in soybean fields can be controlled by catching nets and covering grass alone. If the two are mixed, although it is feasible from the stability of the drug, it can neither increase the efficiency nor expand the scope of prevention and control, and it is not necessary to mix. Second, the cost should be reasonable. Mixing is generally lower than the cost of a single use. For example, the more expensive new systemic fungicides are mixed with the less expensive protective fungicides, and the more expensive pyrethroid pesticides are mixed with organophosphorus pesticides.
It is necessary to clarify the scope of use of the compounding agent. It is necessary to clarify the relationship between the scope of use of the compounded pesticides and the range of use of the various active ingredients contained in the mixture. Read the instructions carefully before mixing the pesticides and do the miscibility test before mixing. Mixed pesticides require different modes of action and different treatment targets to achieve the purpose of expanding the scope of prevention and control and enhancing the control effect after mixing pesticides. After the mixture is used, the pesticide residue of agricultural and sideline products should be lower than that of the single agent. At the same time, the mixed use of pesticides should also achieve the purpose of reducing the cost of use. Mixing and mixing pesticides has its own characteristics only in terms of its scope of use and effect, so that compounding makes sense.
Six notes
Read the instructions carefully before mixing pesticides. It should be done according to the requirements in the product manual.
Mixed pesticides should not be too much. There should be no more than 3 types of general varieties, otherwise the possibility of interaction between them will increase greatly, and the risk of failure or phytotoxicity will increase.
After the pesticide is mixed, it should be used up as soon as possible. Mixed pesticides should be used now, try to use up in a short period of time, do not store for too long.
Spray should be even and thoughtful. Most systemic insecticides and fungicides are mainly transmitted to the upper part of the plant and rarely conduct downward. Therefore, it must be even and thoughtful when spraying, and it should not be sprayed or leaked.
Insist on the rotation of medication. Rotational medication can delay the development of pest resistance. To this end, when using pesticides, it is necessary to rotate the use of different types of pesticides to delay the development of drug resistance and improve the service life of pesticides.
Pay attention to medication at the right time. Diseases, insects and grasses at different developmental stages have different resistance to pesticides. Timely medication can achieve the effect of "doing more with half the effort". In the prevention and treatment of diseases, it is necessary to use the drug when the pathogenic bacteria are germinated and the pathogen spore resistance is weakened. In the prevention and control of pests, it is recommended to use drugs before the third instar, because the anti-drug resistance of the 3rd instar larvae is better. In the prevention and control of grass damage, it is effective when the weeds are germinated and sensitive to the agent at the initial stage. Therefore, when using pesticides, it is necessary to investigate and predict the disease according to the number of diseases, insects, grass conditions and natural enemies, and timely use drugs for prevention and treatment.
Six taboos
Avoid using well water and sewage to dispense medicine. The well water contains more minerals such as calcium and magnesium, and it is easy to react with the chemical liquid to form a precipitate, thereby reducing the efficacy. The sewage contains a lot of impurities, and it will block the nozzle when spraying, and it will also destroy the stability of the liquid and reduce the efficacy.
Avoid taking medicine in rainy days and high temperatures. When spraying in the wind, the pesticide will be dispersed, which may cause unnecessary phytotoxicity and loss. The rainy day drug solution is easily washed away by rain to reduce the efficacy of the drug, and the drug at high temperature is prone to crop phytotoxicity and personnel poisoning. Therefore, try to use the medicine when the weather is fine, no wind or breeze. The best time to take the medicine in one day is from 8 am to 11 am and from 4 pm to 6 pm.
Avoid using pesticides. The corresponding pesticide should be used according to the type of crop, the target of the control and the performance of the drug, so that the symptomatic medication can be achieved. Do not blindly increase the amount of medication, resulting in increased pest resistance and reduced control effects.
Avoid spraying at the flowering stage and before picking. Crops are very sensitive to pesticides during flowering, and spraying is prone to phytotoxicity. If the drug is used before picking, the residue produced on the crop will cause poisoning after eating. There should be a gap between the crop and the pesticide before harvesting, and the length of the interval will vary depending on the crop and the pesticide.
Avoid increasing the amount of medication. Increasing the amount of drugs at will not only increase investment, but also cause phytotoxicity of crops and increase the amount of pesticide residues in agricultural products. The recommended dosage of pesticide labels or instructions is generally determined after repeated trials. It cannot be changed arbitrarily during use to prevent crop damage or affect the control effect.
Avoid using expired pesticides. Excessive and degraded pesticides have reduced or even ineffective effects. After use, they can not only eliminate pests and diseases, but also delay the optimal control of pests and diseases.
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