How about onions? Onion planting technology
First, the choice of onion varieties
In production, there are two types of yellow and red skins according to the color. Different varieties have their own advantages. When selecting varieties, they should be scientifically arranged according to local planting habits and market demand. The yellow skin variety has the advantages of tender meat, sweet taste, spicy taste, storage and transportation, and good quality, but the yield is slightly lower. You can choose even onion No. 4, Jinqiu No. 3, etc.; red skin can be selected from varieties with high spicy flavor and high yield, such as purple star and double ring red.
Second, onion seedbed preparation
The seedbed should be selected with loose soil, fertile soil and strong water retention. The plots of onions and garlic vegetables have not been planted in 2-3 years. A seed bed of 0.5 points (about 35 square meters) is needed for each acre of field, and the amount of seed is 0.2 kilograms. Before sowing, apply the decomposed base fertilizer, and then mix the ternary compound fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and plow the ploughing according to 2-3 kg per minute. Finely prepare the ground to make 1.5-2.0 m wide 畦. , watered, to be broadcast.
Third, the onion is suitable for sowing
The sowing time of the sowing period directly affects the size of the seedlings, which ultimately affects the yield of onions. Early sowing, the seedling growth period is prolonged, causing the nutrient area to be too large, and the seedlings are easy to convulsion; late sowing, the seedlings are weak, the cold tolerance is low, and the wintering is easy to die. Therefore, in order to achieve high yield, we must master the best sowing time. According to the production experience of Dingzhou vegetable farmers in Hebei, the most suitable sowing date is 3 days before and after Bailu (early September). It is spread by dry seeds and covered with fine soil after sowing. After the soil is covered, 33% of the weeding bed can be sprayed with 100 ml of grass to prevent weeds in the seedbed.
Fourth, onion seedling management
The central task of seedling management is to cultivate age-appropriate seedlings. After sowing, cover the surface with a layer of wheat straw or shading net, which is good for moisturizing, high temperature and rainproof. The soil should be kept moist before emergence. When about 60% of the seedlings grow out on the seedbed, the cover can be removed. According to the weather conditions, timely sprinkling water to prevent seedling bed squashing, and can be combined with watering to apply 1% urea, through the regulation of fertilizer and water, to cultivate age-appropriate seedlings. It is necessary to prevent the seedlings from growing too large, causing early convulsions, and avoiding the weak growth of the seedlings and affecting the wintering. Generally, the onion seedlings can be colonized when they reach 4 true leaves, the plant height is 20-25 cm, and the leaf sheath diameter is 6-7 mm.
5. Timely colonization of onions
When planting, it should be transplanted separately according to the size of the onion seedlings, so that the growth is consistent, and the seedlings with a diameter of more than 8 mm and the weak seedlings and seedlings below 3 mm are removed. Colonization is generally completed from the end of October to the beginning of November, requiring an average temperature of 4-5 °C for colonization. It takes about 30 days for the onion to grow from colonization to restoration. Therefore, it is necessary to promote the growth and development of the roots before the cold weather, and prevent the soil from freezing and rooting to cause dead seedlings. The planting density generally requires about 20,000 plants per mu, and the plant spacing is 20×15 cm. The depth of planting is not to bury the five-pronged strands. Watering after planting, promote the survival of onion seedlings, avoid watering the whole field, causing soil compaction, which is not conducive to onion growth.
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