Classification and control technology for common diseases of vegetables
Different types of diseases have different differences in prevention and control, and there are similarities, mainly fungal, bacterial, viral, nematode, and physiological diseases. The main differences and prevention methods are as follows:
First, fungal diseases
1, the characteristics of the damage. It is caused by fungi and is a low-grade plant without chlorophyll. It can not carry out photosynthesis, often causing swelling, necrosis, rot or spotting of crop tissues or organs, and at the same time producing white cotton floc, silk, powder of different colors. Matter, mist or granules.
2. Prevention and control measures. Seed dressing with a fungicide. Clean the garden and clear the diseased leaves and diseased fruits out of the garden in time, deeply buried or burned. The rotation is changed, and organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are added. Ventilation in greenhouses or protected areas, pouring small water under the membrane, prohibiting flooding and reducing humidity. The use of chlorpyrifos, mancozeb, carbendazim, chlorothalonil, etc., has a certain control effect.
Second, bacterial diseases
1, the characteristics of the damage. Bacterial diseases are the smallest single-cell lower plants, which are second only to fungal diseases to crops. Symptoms mainly manifest as tissue necrosis, rot, wilting or deformity, often accompanied by bacterial overflow.
2. Prevention and control measures. Use resistant varieties. The diseased ward was removed, soaked in 40% formaldehyde 150 times solution for 1.5 hours, or 1 million units of streptomycin sulfate 500 times solution soaked for 2 hours and then germinated. The seedling bed was treated with DT or ethylphosphonium aluminum manganese zinc 10 g per square meter plus 10 times fine soil. With agricultural streptomycin, DT abundance, green milk copper, you can kill or spray.
Third, viral diseases
1, the characteristics of the damage. The virus is much smaller than bacteria, has no cell morphology, can only multiply in living host cells, is transmitted by virus disease sap, and spreads through insects, grafting, and contact friction, mainly showing mosaic, yellowing, shrinking, dwarfing, Branches, deformities, blemishes or tissue necrosis.
2. Prevention and control measures. Use disease-resistant varieties to remove diseased leaves and diseased fruits in time. The seeds were incubated with a 10% trisodium phosphate solution for 30 minutes before sowing, and the virus was inactivated. Eliminate the mediator, use a mixture of net (imidacloprid) 1500 times, add 300 times liquid and add cytokinin. Anti-mechanical artificial transmission, in the current situation without effective prevention and treatment of viral agents, only to cultivate strong seedlings, and enhance resistance, such as the occurrence of diseases can be inhibited by bacteria poisoning, plant disease, virus A, trisodium phosphate and so on.
Fourth, nematodes
1, the characteristics of the damage. Nematodes are low-grade linear animals. The crops are difficult to see by the naked eye. They are mainly transmitted by diseased seedlings, soil fertilizer, water and agricultural implements. They mainly show malnutrition, growth weakness, dwarf drooping and the like. deformity.
2. Prevention and control measures. Deeply ploughing more than 20 cm of cultivated land, carrying out crop rotation, applying decomposed organic fertilizer to remove sick bodies. Apply 40-50 kg of a nematicidal mixture per acre to a 20 cm planting ditch and plant it, or use 40% methyl isoflavin mixed with poisonous soil to pour it into the soil, or use Miller granules per acre. 5 kilograms, mixed with 40-50 kilograms of ground on the surface, ploughed 20 cm or sprinkled into the 20 cm planting ditch and then planted.
5. Physiological diseases. Mainly due to improper nutrition, water, temperature or harmful substances and other environmental factors cause crop metabolic disorders, morphological variation, tissue necrosis, product deterioration and other abnormal phenomena. Prevention is mainly eliminated by improving environmental conditions or timely supplementing the lack of nutrients to cultivate strong plants.
Professional Weld Neck Flange manufacturer is located in China
Standard:
ANSI B16.5,ANSI B16.47,ANSI B16.48, ANSI B16.36, MSS SP-44
EN1092-1 BS 4054
DIN2632 PN10 WNRF
DIN2633 PN16 WNRF
DIN2634 PN25 WNRF
DIN2635 PN40 WNRF
Size: 1/2''~60''
Class Rating: 150~2500
Facing: RF(raised face);FF(flat face);RTJ(ring type joint);RJ(ring joint face)
TG(tongue and groove face);MFM(male and female face)
Manufacturing process: Push, Press, Forge, Cast, etc.
Material:
Carbon steel:
ASTM A105;
ASTM A266 GR.1,GR.2,GR.3,GR.4
Stainless steel:
304/SUS304/UNS S30400/1.4301
304L/UNS S30403/1.4306;
304H/UNS S30409/1.4948;
309S/UNS S30908/1.4833
309H/UNS S30909;
310S/UNS S31008/1.4845;
310H/UNS S31009;
316/UNS S31600/1.4401;
316Ti/UNS S31635/1.4571;
316H/UNS S31609/1.4436;
316L/UNS S31603/1.4404;
316LN/UNS S31653;
317/UNS S31700;
317L/UNS S31703/1.4438;
321/UNS S32100/1.4541;
321H/UNS S32109;
347/UNS S34700/1.4550;
347H/UNS S34709/1.4912;
348/UNS S34800;
Alloy steel:
ASTM A694 F42/F46/F48/F50/F52/F56/F60/F65/F70;
ASTM A182 F5a/F5/F9/F11/F12/F22/F91;
ASTM A350 LF1/LF2/LF3;
Duplex steel:
ASTM A182 F51/S31803/1.4462;
ASTM A182 F53/S2507/S32750/1.4401;
ASTM A182 F55/S32760/1.4501/Zeron 100;
2205/F60/S32205;
ASTM A182 F44/S31254/254SMO/1.4547;
17-4PH/S17400/1.4542/SUS630/AISI630;
F904L/NO8904/1.4539;
725LN/310MoLN/S31050/1.4466
253MA/S30815/1.4835;
Nickel alloy steel:
Alloy 200/Nickel 200/NO2200/2.4066/ASTM B366 WPN;
Alloy 201/Nickel 201/NO2201/2.4068/ASTM B366 WPNL;
Alloy 400/Monel 400/NO4400/NS111/2.4360/ASTM B366 WPNC;
Alloy K-500/Monel K-500/NO5500/2.475;
Alloy 600/Inconel 600/NO6600/NS333/2.4816;
Alloy 601/Inconel 601/NO6001/2.4851;
Alloy 625/Inconel 625/NO6625/NS336/2.4856;
Alloy 718/Inconel 718/NO7718/GH169/GH4169/2.4668;
Alloy 800/Incoloy 800/NO8800/1.4876;
Alloy 800H/Incoloy 800H/NO8810/1.4958;
Alloy 800HT/Incoloy 800HT/NO8811/1.4959;
Alloy 825/Incoloy 825/NO8825/2.4858/NS142;
Alloy 925/Incoloy 925/NO9925;
Hastelloy C/Alloy C/NO6003/2.4869/NS333;
Alloy C-276/Hastelloy C-276/N10276/2.4819;
Alloy C-4/Hastelloy C-4/NO6455/NS335/2.4610;
Alloy C-22/Hastelloy C-22/NO6022/2.4602;
Alloy C-2000/Hastelloy C-2000/NO6200/2.4675;
Alloy B/Hastelloy B/NS321/N10001;
Alloy B-2/Hastelloy B-2/N10665/NS322/2.4617;
Alloy B-3/Hastelloy B-3/N10675/2.4600;
Alloy X/Hastelloy X/NO6002/2.4665;
Alloy G-30/Hastelloy G-30/NO6030/2.4603;
Alloy X-750/Inconel X-750/NO7750/GH145/2.4669;
Alloy 20/Carpenter 20Cb3/NO8020/NS312/2.4660;
Alloy 31/NO8031/1.4562;
Alloy 901/NO9901/1.4898;
Incoloy 25-6Mo/NO8926/1.4529/Incoloy 926/Alloy 926;
Inconel 783/UNS R30783;
NAS 254NM/NO8367;
Monel 30C
Nimonic 80A/Nickel Alloy 80a/UNS N07080/NA20/2.4631/2.4952
Nimonic 263/NO7263
Nimonic 90/UNS NO7090;
Incoloy 907/GH907;
Nitronic 60/Alloy 218/UNS S21800
This flange is circumferentially welded into the systemat its neck which means that the integrity of the buttwelded area can be easily examined by radiography. The bores of both pipe and flange match, which Reduces turbulence and erosion inside the pipeline. The weld neck is therefore favoured in critical applications
Weld Neck Flange,RF Flange,Weld Neck Pipe Flange,Stainless Steel Flange Wled Neck Flange
HeBei GuangHao Pipe Fittings Co .,LTD (Cangzhou Sailing Steel Pipe Co., Ltd) , https://www.guanghaofitting.com