China's first rare earth extraction and separation technology can achieve zero discharge of wastewater
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The rare earth extraction and separation process will produce high concentrations of ammonium chloride wastewater, which has not been found for a long time. The Inner Mongolia Dielectrophoresis Applied Technology Research Institute has applied the dielectrophoresis technology to the membrane separation field for the first time in the world, and realized the rare earth extraction to separate the zero discharge of industrial wastewater. This process line for the treatment of wastewater is a domestic initiative.
The so-called dielectrophoresis refers to a neutral particle located in a non-uniform electric field, and a translational motion due to the dielectric polarization. The new technology uses dielectrophoresis to drive the particles and promote the turbulence effect, so that the very fine solid particles and high concentration ions in the sewage always keep a certain distance from the membrane surface, which greatly reduces the chance of contact between the harmful substances and the membrane surface and avoids membrane surface contamination. , increase medium flux.
Dielectrophoresis membrane separation process includes solid-liquid separation process section, ion selective separation process section, material and energy recovery process section. In the solid-liquid separation process section, the kerosene emulsion in the ammonium chloride wastewater is permeated through a microfiltration membrane and is subjected to enrichment extraction and recycling under the effect of dielectrophoretic force. Ion selective separation process section, taking multiple dielectric electrophoresis nanofiltration process, concentrated ammonium chloride separation. In the material and energy recovery process section, the separated high-purity ammonium chloride solution is input into the cation exchange membrane electrolyzer. Chlorine ions move to the anode electrode to generate chlorine gas, and the cathode generates hydrogen gas. Chlorine is input into the solar reactor and reacts with water to produce hydrochloric acid. The solar energy also suppresses the formation of hypochlorous acid. Hydrogen and air are simultaneously input to the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell to generate electricity.
According to the calculation, the processing cost per ton of waste water treated is RMB 40, the daily treatment capacity is 1600 tons, and the amount of wastewater per ton contains 100 grams of ammonium chloride. Hydrochloric acid and ammonia water generated after this process are treated as per ton The price of 700 yuan and 1,000 yuan, the net profit of up to 110,000 yuan.
Dielectrophoresis membrane module compared with the traditional membrane separation module, to improve the membrane stability flux more than 2 times, the separation efficiency increased by 3 times more energy-efficient 176 times, can be directly used for the separation of high concentration, multi-component, high viscosity liquid.
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