The country will invest 7 trillion yuan in the next 5 years to develop 7 major strategic emerging industries
The Strategic Emerging Industry Development Plan, led by the National Development and Reform Commission, will be announced before the next two sessions.
"There is indeed such a rough calculation framework, but it may not be as much as 10 trillion yuan, and it is clear that the government's funds are 5% to 15%, mainly to drive social funds."
Last week, overseas media reported that in the next five years, the Chinese government will invest 10 trillion yuan or 1.5 trillion US dollars to develop strategic emerging industries. This caused an uproar in the market.
The so-called "strategic emerging industries" are the seven major industries identified by the State Council in August this year for energy conservation and environmental protection, new generation information technology, biology, high-end equipment manufacturing, new energy, new materials, and new energy vehicles. At present, the Chinese government is formulating the "Strategic Emerging Industry Development Plan", which is a "sub-plan" of China's "Twelfth Five-Year Plan".
A person involved in the drafting of the plan disclosed to the "First Financial Daily" that the plan will be officially finalized before the "two sessions" next year. At present, the market's rumored investment scale of 10 trillion yuan is still unclear whether it will eventually be written into the industrial development plan. There is still controversy about whether to set such a total investment target. More importantly, support for strategic emerging industries will not be a simple government investment support, but a package of policy frameworks.
How large is the financial support?
"This calculation is similar to the government's '4 trillion' plan to deal with the financial crisis." The aforementioned participants involved in the drafting of the plan explained to this reporter.
He said that the scale and proportion of the so-called 4 trillion yuan plan, which was actually invested by the central government, was only 1.18 trillion yuan, less than 30%. The rest are the participation of local governments, state-owned enterprises, private enterprises, etc., including credit support from financial institutions. The capital calculation of this strategic emerging industry is also based on this model - "how much will the central government's investment scale and how much social capital will be driven"?
This person especially emphasized that the current market rumors of 1.5 trillion US dollars or 10 trillion yuan of RMB calculations have not yet been finalized, and whether there is such a cumulative investment target in the final draft plan is still controversial.
In fact, for the development goals of strategic emerging industries, the NDRC, which is currently leading the formulation of the plan, has proposed a “three-step†goal: the first stage, by 2015, the added value of strategic emerging industries will account for 8% of GDP. In the second stage, by 2020, the proportion will reach 15%; in the third stage, by 2030, the overall innovation capability and industrial development level of strategic emerging industries will reach the world advanced level.
How is the fund supported?
The specific way of supporting central investment funds, this person revealed, would be a combination of policy and capital investment methods, rather than simple government investment.
"For a model similar to the big aircraft company, it is also suggested that such a large company be established in the field of semiconductor chips. However, this is an individual field and is not suitable for promotion. The large aircraft project also has its particularity." At present, there are two ways to support funds.
First, it is headed by the National Development and Reform Commission. If there is a breakthrough in technology and large-scale production, enterprises that meet the requirements can apply and the state invests. The size of this fund will be enlarged.
Second, it is headed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. There is a corporate technology transformation fund. Enterprises in the strategic emerging industries, adding or modifying equipment, can apply here to support technological transformation. The size of such funds will also expand.
Multi-ministerial committees participate in planning
According to this reporter, the "Strategic Emerging Industry Development Plan" is led by the National Development and Reform Commission. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Commerce, and the Development Research Center of the State Council are mainly involved.
Generally speaking, the plan is currently led by the National Development and Reform Commission, and the NDRC is involved in the high-tech industry, especially in the field of high-tech industrialization.
The Ministry of Science and Technology is mainly responsible for the support of major technologies and key equipment research and development, as well as the support of basic research and applied research and demonstration fields.
The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology covers the fields of production, manufacturing, application, and technical standards for strategic emerging industries.
The Ministry of Finance mainly involves specific financial support and subsidies, such as subsidies for new energy vehicles and support for the “Golden Sun Demonstration Projectâ€.
The Ministry of Commerce will participate in the introduction of strategic emerging industries and promote the export and promotion of related industrial products in China.
The Development Research Center of the State Council is involved in research in some areas.
It is also understood that the Central Economic Work Conference held this weekend will mention the development of strategic emerging industries, but the mention is not very detailed. Specific industrial investment and policy support will be announced when the plan is officially released next year.
Package support policy
In the specific support policy for strategic emerging industries, the person involved in planning and development said that support policies can be classified:
First, the tax support policy. For example, for the enterprises related to strategic emerging industries, the tax reduction and exemption policy is implemented, and the “three exemptions and three reductions†policy is enjoyed. (Eligible enterprises are exempted from corporate income tax in the first to third years, and the fourth to sixth years are levied. After that, it is expected to continue to reduce corporate income tax.
At present, the income tax rate of ordinary enterprises in China is 25%, and the tax rate of high-tech enterprises is 15%. After continuing to halve, it is expected to implement a low tax rate of 7.5%. In addition, the tax policy also includes 1.5 times the income tax deduction for research and development expenses, that is, if the enterprise invests 10 million yuan in research and development, the income tax deduction or less than 15 million yuan.
Second, consumer subsidies. These include client subsidies for new energy companies, client subsidies for solar power users, and emerging industry-related products for corporate procurement strategies, and corresponding VAT partial deductions.
Third, the government procurement support policy. For example, in the future, the government will purchase strategic emerging industrial products for the procurement of similar products such as public enterprises and street lamps.
Fourth, the state's support for corporate R&D. In the past, China's national engineering laboratories were all set up in colleges or research institutes. In the future, it is expected to set up state-level engineering laboratories and national engineering technology centers in enterprises. The state will also have some large-scale scientific research projects here. , with relevant supporting funds.
Fifth, attract talent policies. Including the “Thousand Talents Plan†currently implemented by the organization, the main body that attracts talents can be enterprises, and the government provides corresponding talent support.
Be wary of overinvestment
The people involved in the planning and development mentioned that while the central and local governments are making every effort to promote the development of strategic emerging industries, we must also pay attention to a tendency to be vigilant and over-investment. "In the field of solar energy, wind energy equipment, wind power equipment, polysilicon, etc., the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the National Development and Reform Commission have warned about potential surplus problems."
Recently, the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†issued by various local governments has almost always regarded strategic emerging industries as key development areas. Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and other provinces have put forward a clear development plan, and the central and western provinces such as Jiangxi and Sichuan have also made great efforts to promote the development of strategic emerging industries.
In addition, according to our reporter, many large commercial banks have also set up a special research and tracking group for strategic emerging industries to transform their own credit supply while the industry is transforming. This also magnifies the supply of funds in this area.
"At present, the approval of industrial land is tight, but it is easy to approve all the new emerging industries (name). It is easy to be wary of the local government's 'staking the land', and can't rush to seek success." The strategic emerging industries are indeed "the next four trillion", but we must avoid the problems that occurred when "the last four trillion".
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