Lithium battery cathode material

A lithium ion battery is a secondary battery system in which two different lithium intercalation compounds capable of reversibly inserting and extracting lithium ions are used as a positive electrode and a negative electrode of a battery. During charging, lithium ions are removed from the crystal lattice of the positive electrode material, inserted into the crystal lattice of the negative electrode material after passing through the electrolyte, so that the negative electrode is rich in lithium and the positive electrode is depleted in lithium; during discharge, lithium ions are removed from the crystal lattice of the negative electrode material, after passing through After the electrolyte is inserted into the crystal lattice of the positive electrode material, the positive electrode is rich in lithium and the negative electrode is depleted in lithium. Thus, the difference between the positive and negative materials in the insertion and extraction of lithium ions with respect to the potential of the metal lithium is the operating voltage of the battery.

Lithium-ion battery is a new generation of green high-energy battery with excellent performance, which has become one of the key points of high-tech development. Lithium-ion batteries have the following characteristics: high voltage, high capacity, low consumption, no memory effect, no pollution, small volume, small internal resistance, less self-discharge, and more cycles. Due to the above characteristics, lithium-ion batteries have been applied to many civil and military fields such as mobile phones, notebook computers, video cameras, and digital cameras.

The main constituent materials of the lithium ion battery include an electrolyte, a separator, a positive and a negative material, and the like. The positive electrode material occupies a large proportion (the mass ratio of the positive and negative materials is 3:1 to 4:1), because the performance of the positive electrode material directly affects the performance of the lithium ion battery, and the cost directly determines the battery cost.

Development status

In recent years, lithium battery related policies have been introduced to promote the establishment of industrial upstream and downstream enterprises. The lithium battery is mainly composed of a positive electrode material, a negative electrode material, a separator and an electrolyte. The positive electrode material accounts for more than 40% of the total cost of the lithium battery, and the performance of the positive electrode material directly affects various performance indexes of the lithium battery, so Lithium battery cathode materials occupy a central position in lithium batteries.

"2013-2017 China lithium battery cathode material industry development prospects and investment forecast analysis report" shows that the current marketed lithium battery cathode materials include lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, lithium iron phosphate and ternary materials.

With the rapid development of China's economy, the increasing demand for new materials for batteries, coupled with the strong demand for new, efficient and environmentally friendly battery materials for mobile phones, notebook computers, digital cameras, video cameras, automobiles, etc., China's new battery materials market Will continue to expand. Lithium battery as the future development direction of the battery, its positive electrode material market development prospects are promising. At the same time, the promotion of 3G mobile phones and the large-scale commercialization of new energy vehicles will bring new opportunities for lithium battery cathode materials.

Although lithium battery cathode materials have a broad market, the prospects are very optimistic. However, lithium battery cathode materials still have certain technical bottlenecks, especially the advantages of high capacitance and strong safety performance have not been fully exerted.

In fact, in the field of lithium battery cathode materials, any minor technological innovations may set off a new round of market expansion. Chinese companies should strengthen research and development of key technologies for cathode materials, gain international leading position, and enhance core competitiveness. Take advantage of international competition.