EU assesses mercury use in energy-saving lamps

Recently, the European Union Health and Environmental Risk Technology Committee (SCHER) issued comments on the use of mercury in certain energy-saving lamps (ie compact fluorescent lamps).

In the comments, SCHER evaluated the following questions:

1. Risks to consumers, especially vulnerable groups such as children and pregnant women, when accidental breakage of compact fluorescent lamps occurs;

2. Considering the scientific and technical assessment of Öko-Institut and Fraunhofer IZM (2009) to assess the potential risks of reducing and replacing mercury in the environment and human health in compact fluorescent lamps;

3. Consider the environmental risk of mercury for compact fluorescent lamps and their separate collection of mercury, taking into account the 5 mg limit for mercury content in compact fluorescent lamps. After taking the above measures, will the risk be greatly reduced;

4. Weighing the reduction of mercury emissions from coal-fired power plants and the risks defined in the above three points due to the use of compact fluorescent lamps that consume less power.

The results of the assessment are:

1. After the compact fluorescent lamp in the room is broken, 80% of the mercury vapor is absorbed by the kidney, and the absorption of the gastrointestinal tract and skin is very small. Its concentration will also decrease rapidly over time. Therefore, the risk of mercury caused by the rupture of compact fluorescent lamps is very low for adults; in addition, due to the lack of data on inhalation of steam and contact with the mouth after touching the mercury, the risk to children is not reached; the fetus absorbs mercury through the mother. The amount is very small, so its exposure to the fetus is very low;

2. In the alternative study conducted, there is no risk to adults and the environment;

3. At this stage, the use and disposal of compact fluorescent lamps will not pose a risk to the environment. However, the separate treatment of compact fluorescent lamps and the separate collection of mercury during processing will reduce mercury emissions.

According to the RoHS directive, the mercury content of compact fluorescent lamps must not exceed 5 mg. In reviewing the RoHS Directive, the EU discussed whether it could reduce the mercury content of compact fluorescent lamps or have a corresponding substance substitution. Subsequently, the European Union commissioned DG Environment for evaluation and public consultation. In the report released in 2009, it was pointed out that the current technical conditions still cannot reduce the mercury content in compact fluorescent lamps. Based on this report, the EU will consider whether to exempt mercury from compact fluorescent lamps when the RoHS directive is revised in 2010.

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