Nanjiang, Sichuan: Cultivate vegetable seedlings and make good four passes
"Mr. Li, let us help us to see, this vegetable nursery has grown into a bright pole in a few days?"
Recently, when Li Linxiu, a senior agronomist of the Nanjiang County Agricultural Bureau, came to Yushu Village in Dongpu Town, several farmers hurriedly asked. Li Linxiu said that vegetable summer seedlings are extremely difficult to cultivate strong seedlings due to adverse factors such as high temperature, strong light, heavy rain, and high incidence of pests and diseases. Li Linxiu pulled out a few vegetable seedlings from the ground and said: "In order to cultivate high-quality vegetable seedlings in summer, we must make a good seedbed production, fine sowing, seedbed management, and pest control."
Seed bed making
The seedbed of vegetable seedlings in summer should be selected to be flat and dry, with good drainage and shady and ventilated fields.
Before the seedlings are planted, the fertile soil that has not been planted with the same crops as the same crops is used, and the fully fermented and fermented organic fertilizer is sieved, and the nutrient soil is uniformly mixed according to the ratio of soil to fertilizer ratio of 6:4. Then, 50% thiophanate or carbendazim 80 g and 2.5% trichlorfon 60 g were added to each 1000 kg of nutrient soil to kill the pest source. Finally, the prepared nutrient soil is filled into a plastic bowl or paper basket.
At the same time, it is best to use sorghum for the production of seedbeds. The height of the hoe is generally 5-10 cm and the width is about 1 m. The glutinous surface should be flat. After the raft is finished, place the plastic raft or paper raft on the raft, and fill it with fine sand between é’µ and é’µ. Finally, digging the drainage ditch around the seedbed.
Fine seeding
Vegetable seedlings must be disinfected in summer to avoid seed disease.
Seed disinfection can be soaked in 10% sodium hydrogen phosphate solution at room temperature for 20 minutes or soaked with 1% potassium permanganate solution for 15 minutes, rinsed out with water, and then germinated. For cold vegetables, such as celery, create lower temperatures for germination.
Sowing time: Vegetable summer seedlings, according to the characteristics of vegetables, choose the sowing time, so as to avoid the emergence of seedlings, high temperature, exposure. For example, Chinese cabbage usually emerges 48 hours after sowing, so it is more suitable to plant in the evening. In this way, the seedlings are unearthed just in the evening, and can grow through the night to the daytime, and the resistance to high temperature and strong light is relatively strong.
Fine sowing: Fill the bottom of the water in the afternoon or the morning before planting. If there is a gap between the cockroach and the cockroach, fill the sand again. When sowing, shovel 2-3 cm deep in the nutrient bowl, dig a shallow hole 0.3-0.5 cm deep, 2-3 seeds per hole, then sprinkle a layer of fine soil on the seeds and cover the seeds.
After the seedbed is planted, the surface of the seedbed is evenly covered with fine wet soil, and the thickness of the soil is about 2-5 times of the thickness of the seed.
Seedbed management
Summer vegetable seedlings must be seedlings and seedlings after emergence.
Because the summer temperature is high, if the seedlings are crowded, it is very easy to grow, so it is time to plant seedlings and set seedlings. According to the vegetables to be cultivated, 1-2 healthy seedlings are selected for each meal. The diameter of the nutrient bowl used in summer can be appropriately larger, generally 10-15 cm.
To properly shade. For those who like cold and weak light, they can cover some straw curtains on the sand net, but gradually reduce the shade in the later stage. At the same time, it is necessary to use the film and sand net before the rainstorm arrives, and cover the plastic film in time. It must be tightly compacted and removed in time after the rainstorm. The gauze should be covered in the early stage, and the visible climate gradually rolled up.
Control the amount of water. Due to the high temperature in summer, if the water is too much, the seedlings are very easy to grow, so the watering should be controlled. To control the amount of water, we must master the principle of no drought or no watering. Spray it gently during drought to keep the seedbed wet. Heavy rain will cover the membrane to prevent rain, and use the drainage ditch around the seedbed to drain in time to prevent water accumulation in the seedbed.
Pest control
Summer vegetables are generally harmful to mites. If they are not treated in time, they are also prone to cause viral diseases.
The control of locusts mainly relies on covering the gauze to avoid sputum. If aphids occur, they can be controlled by killing and killing cockroaches, killing emulsifiable concentrates, kung fu emulsifiable concentrates, and Uranus emulsifiable concentrates. When spraying, care should be taken to align the nozzle with the back of the leaf and spray the medicine onto the body as much as possible.
The most common diseases in summer vegetable seedling stage are rickets, blight and viral diseases, and timely prevention and control. For squatting disease, blight, can be controlled by Plex, carbendazim and other agents. For viral diseases, in addition to the control of aphids, it can be controlled by viruses, plant diseases and other agents.
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