Fire, run from the stairs, is it really okay?

Xu Chuansheng: A veteran of the 27th year of fire fighting, currently serves as the captain of the public security fire brigade in Tai'an City, Shandong Province

The fire broke out. Run from the stairs, is it really okay?

Zhang San is a bit puzzled: Yes, ah yes, in the newspapers, on television, on mobile phones... not all that? Don't run stairs, run a lift? Or is it going to jump? Or is it to sit at home and wait for death? Or is it going to take a rope?

Well, of course, there is no absolute truth in this world. What you said, running elevators, jumping buildings, picking up ropes, sitting at home and waiting to die are all possible and may be the best (bad) choice.

Well, we don't have much time. Let's start by talking about the stairs.

1, we have what stairs?

There are many kinds of stairs, iron, concrete, wood, rotating, wide, narrow... Of course, we do not intend to discuss these. From the perspective of fire protection, we only talk about three kinds:

No way, open the staircase. To put it simply, if you enter the stairs from anywhere, there is no door. Of course, your family's door is not counted, and there are also unit gates that come in from one floor. Now most of our multi-storey houses, five or six floors, are such stairwells.

A door, closed stairwell. That is, a door must be passed before entering this staircase. Normally this door is closed (note that it is not locked). At the same time, there is a door closer installed on the door. When you push the door open, it will loosen and it will close automatically. When closed, this door can be manually opened from both sides. Of course, there are a few cases where the door is normally open. In this case, an office is set up to allow the door to automatically close (or remotely close) in the event of a fire. Closed stairways usually have Class B fire doors and two-way spring doors.

Two doors, smoke-proof stairwells. If this kind of stairwell is to enter, there are two doors. The space between the two doors is called the front room. The front room may be closed or it may be open. The front room is usually 6-10 square meters, which is considered as a smoke-proof buffer area. Inside the closed front room, there is an indoor fire hydrant and a positive pressure air outlet. The door of the smoke-proof stairwell is a normally closed Class B fire door. The fire resistance limit is 1H , well, it is 60 minutes. If there is a fire, it can be guaranteed that it will not burn through for 60 minutes.

In the latter two stairwells, emergency lighting is also installed, and there is a “safe exit” sign light just above the door.

2. Is the stairs used to run?

Well, why is it so complicated for a stairwell? What is TNND ?

Obviously, the people who designed the building knew very well that after the fire, the stairs were life-saving and were used to run. Engaged in so many doors, fire hydrants, ah, ah, emergency lighting, ah, is to ensure that you run comfortably, run safe.

As an open stairwell, because it can not prevent smoke, basement ah, underground public parking ah, or a household on fire, smoke may have spread from the stairs up. This kind of stairs has the lowest safety factor, but the good thing is that this type of building is generally not high and you can't run up the stairs. The fire truck can also set up a ladder from the outside to save you.

As a closed stairwell and smoking stairwell, it is much safer. This door, or two doors, its main role is to prevent smoke from entering. As long as the smoke does not come in, plus there are children with lights, but also sent a little wind to occasionally go out with a little smoke, and you are relieved.

Therefore, in our textbooks, foreign textbooks all read this sentence: In the event of a fire, it is imperative to step up and evacuate from the stairs. Do not take the elevator.

Then, on our radio, on the television, in the newspapers, on the cell phones... so too. In the end, all our little friends know it:

Always run the stairs after a fire. Do not take the elevator.

3 , can the stairs run in the end?

Since there is a theory, there is nothing wrong with it. What is this question?

Oh, as a Chinese, you should understand that sometimes experts are bricks, and theory is nothing more than an egg. We cannot use the mung beans and eggplants to treat diseases like Master Gohbon; we can't just talk about the fire, and we immediately run the stairs.

Let's start with a story.

When you are a fire supervisor, go to the hospital and ask the beauty nurse: Do you have this door in the smoke-proof stairwell closed or open?

The beautiful girl took the flower's eyes and directed a few deans. The dean hurried over and waved his hand and said: Speak boldly. According to our usual training. Don't be afraid. There is no fire. The beautiful woman got encouragement and said: "It's sometimes it's time to shut it up; sometimes it's got to open." Oh, there is this thing, why? The beauty said: It must be closed in the summer, because this building is central air-conditioning, close the cool, do not run cold children; other times it opened, breathable. Say it is not a fire door, open it is not running faster?

You see, beauty is quite reasonable. Starting from coolness and saving air-conditioning charges, the dean’s authority is maintained. However, hospitals are like this. What else do we expect from other places?

Then, if a fire really occurs and the stairs can't run, what are the most critical judgment conditions?

There are two answers:

First, is it a fire in this staircase? It's understandable. You said that the stairs are on fire. What are you doing on the stairs? It's not running in the fire;

Secondly, there is no smoke in this staircase, how big is the smoke, how high is the temperature, and how much gas is there?

If the smoke is large and high temperature and toxic gas are used, then of course it is impossible to run. At this time, the stairs are like a chimney. When they run in, they will die of smoke and run.

do not understand? Well, the thing that died of smoke please poke the link of that article yesterday. (For details, see: Fire Fighting: How did people die of smoke?)

Of course, there are other things. Although it is not very important, it can happen: For example, suddenly there is a door in the middle of a staircase, which is locked and cannot go. Or, it is a totally fake staircase.

The staircase was originally used to run, but we carefully observed, you know: a lot of stairs placed flower pots, garbage, paper boxes, electric bicycles, motorcycles, no sofas, broken cabinets, old board bed, firewood... ...

Even those noble smoke-protected stairwells are fire-free, and some wood chips or two bricks are blocked on the bottom of the door.

If this stair is on, or somewhere else, can smoke not come in from the stairs?

Of course, there must be a chestnut:

At 2 o'clock on the morning of June 25th , 2015 , the meter box on the ground floor of a unit building in Xiguan Hutun Community, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province caught fire. The burning area was 4 square meters. 15 people living on the seventh floor ran into a staircase filled with smoke and tried to escape to the building. In addition, all the results were dead, and two others were seriously injured. This map, this was only an electric meter box, only to burn some of the groceries and bicycles piled below.

This kind of chestnut, there are several large holding. These bloody facts are repeatedly stated and repeatedly explained: Although the experts' ideas are good, our stairs are not as safe!

Therefore, we must always keep a little more gods and think more about the stairs that we walk through that day. It's really on fire. When you're not sure,

Can think of ways to detect it: the fire above or below? Is there smoke in the stairs or is it smokeless? These things are completely clear, you decide, run, or not run.

To remind you, do not be too superstitious about wet towels. Don't feel like it's going to get on the towel. You can run off the stairs. It's not reliable. The Hutun 15 people took a towel and ran a lesson.

In fact, in this case, you stay in the house, better.

Another reminder: Do not pile things in the stairwell. If you get on fire and burn people, you'll have to go to jail time for about 3-7 years. Have to lose money, dead one person is almost 100 million. Burns are also very bad, and you may lose more. Other reasons are on fire. You pile things and cause the fire to expand. It is also troublesome.

The information in this article comes from the Internet and was reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.